Abstract
In the design of effective shrinking-proof modification of Cellulosics, the factors to be considered including cost, efficiency, durability of shrinking-proof, and effect of the treatment on the fabric properties. A number of finishing of rayon fabrics were performed by the use of crude phosphoryl amides prepared from the reaction of phosphoryl chloride with a saturated solution of ammonia in methanol (method A), from the reaction of ammonia with a solution of phosphoryl chloride (or chloro-phosphazene) in a solvent such as chlorinated alkanes or arenes, and ethers (method B).
The most eminent characteristics in the use of the phosphoryl amides prepared by the method A were the more efficiently durable shrinking-proof and fastness against chlorine damage than the case of the method B. The increase in the amount of methoxy-substituted products at high temperatures in the method A caused the decrease in efficiency of shrinking-proof and whiteness of the treated rayon fabrics.
Presence of water in methanol afforded hydroxy-substituted products and ammonium phosphate derivatives. However, the crude phosphoryl amides prepared in the presence of a small amount of water gave more desirable shrinking-proof, probably due to the catalytic effect of ammonium phosphate formed for the shrinking-proof. The optimum amount of water in the methanol was about 10%. Sodium borohydride treatment before the shrinking-proof increased the whiteness of the fabrics.
