2017 Volume 87 Issue Extra2 Pages E217-E226
Objective: This study compared the maximum body mass index (maxBMI) of patients (onset age: 15-30 years) before and at the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on the decade of their disease onset (1970-2009). In addition, risk factors for BMI changes after T1D onset were investigated.
Subjects and Methods: A total of 431 patients (157 men) who underwent medical examinations from 1970 to 2009 and developed T1D at 15-30 years of age were included. The patients were classified into 4 groups based on the decade of their T1D onset (group I: 1970-1979; group II: 1980-1989; group III: 1990-1999; and group IV: 2000-2009). BMI and HbA1c levels were measured after the administration of the patient's daily required insulin dose over a period of 5 years after T1D onset. Family history of diabetes and the patient's maxBMI were also compared. Study A compared patients with maxBMI of ≥22 kg/m2 and <22 kg/m2. Study B compared sHLA (-) patients with sHLA (+) patients who had T1D susceptibility based on a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype of DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01.
Results: In all, 0 % of men in group I, 21.6 % of men in group II, 22.0 % of men in group III, and 13.5 % of men in group IV were obese (i.e., maxBMI ≥25 kg/m2); the proportion of lean men (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) was similar in all groups. Furthermore, 0 % of women in group I, 13.2 % of women in group II, 13.4 % of women in group III, and 14.7 % of women in group IV were obese (i.e., maxBMI ≥25 kg/m2); the proportion of lean women (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) was similar in all groups. In study A, BMI was significantly higher for patients who had an maxBMI of ≥22 kg/m2 for 5 years after T1D onset. In study B, the sHLA (+) group had a smaller increase in BMI after T1D onset compared with the sHLA (-) group.
Conclusion: Patients with T1D remained comparatively lean at disease onset over the 40-year period of our study. Moreover, sHLA (+) patients were not likely to have an increased BMI after T1D onset when compared with sHLA (-) patients.
