Tsunami hazard assessment along the coast of Pakistan based on the 1945 Makran tsunami

Abstract

Tsunami hazard assessment along the coast of Pakistan was carried out based on modeling of the 1945 Makran tsunami. We first modeled the 1945 Makran tsunami, which is the largest recorded tsunami in Pakistan, to examine its hydrodynamic feature. As a result, we found that the arrival time of maximum tsunami wave at Pakistan coast is prone to be late because tsunami waves are trapped and duplicated on continental shelf with a gentle slope. We further simulated potential tsunami hazard in Pakistan coast developing the scenarios based on historic earthquakes. The results showed that 5 -10 m tsunami would strike Ormara and Gwadar city, which are populated areas in Pakistan coast.