Abstract
Laminar vortex rolls which occur between horizontal parallel plates, of which the temperature is not uniform in the lateral direction normal to the forced main flow, are investigated by means of a flow-visualization technique and 3-D steady state numerical calculation. It was found that the vortex rolls were driven by the horizontal gravity currents, which were caused by density difference in the lateral direction, and that the generation mechanism of the vortex rolls could be classified into four types. The effects of vortex rolls upon the local Nusselt number were also investigated.
