Toxic Substances of Dysentery Vaccine and its Detoxication

Abstract

Dysentery vaccines prepared by Toshihiko OSHIRO and Matao SAITO since 1954 in Public Health Laboratory, Hyogo Prefecture by means of detoxication methods with synergic effect of 2-4% calcium chloride as well as 4% formaline proved to be safe by inoculation to nearly c75, 000 persons for these seven years.
I) The following toxic activities of the dysentery vaccine were lessened by Oshiro-and Naito's detoxicating method.
i) lethal or body weight decreasing toxicity in inoculated animals,
ii) skin-reaction developing toxicity in the skin of intradermally inoculated animals,
iii) leucocytotic toxicity in peripheral blood of intravenously or introdermally inoculated rabbits but not leucopenic toxicity.
iv) Leucocytosis in peripheral blood of rabbits by intravenous injection of the vaccine similar to the marked leucocytosis seen in tee animals by intravenous injection of epinephrine.
v) Leucocytosis in rabbits by intradermal inoculation of the vaccine similar to the marked one seen in the animals several hours after intradermal inoculation of epinephrine or cortisone.
II) The above mentioned toxic activities of the vaccine lessened by synergic effect of calcium chloride as well as formalin were regarded as different manifestations of the same substance of endotoxin, an adrenalin-like or adrenalin promoting agent of endotoxin.
III) This toxic principle related closely to adrenalin was detectable by degree of leucocytosis in peripheral blood of interdermally inoculated rabbits.