Original Articles
The relationship between inflammatory gene expression, PAHs content of PM2.5 and respiratory disease
2022 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages 3-14
Details
2022 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages 3-14
Background: There are many studies on the effect of PM2.5 on respiratory diseases. However, few studies have evaluated changes in PM2.5 components over prolonged period and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression. Therefore, in this study, the change in inflammatory gene expressions and the changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content in PM2.5 before 30 years ago and in recent years were investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between these indicators and respiratory diseases was investigated.
Methods: RAW264.7 cells were exposed to the PM2.5 of collected in the four seasons of 1987 and 2012 to 2016 in B City A Prefecture. The effects of PM2.5 on the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine in RAW264.7 cells were examined. In addition, 15 kinds of PAHs content in PM2.5 were measured. Data on the number of patients with respiratory diseases in A Prefecture were obtained from the Patient Survey Report conducted by the Government of Japan. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression level and PAHs concentration.
Results: Respiratory diseases have decreased in 30 years. PAHs content and inflammatory gene expression levels in PM2.5 were significantly lower in 2012-2016 than in 1987 in most seasons. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression level and some PAHs contents like indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene.
Disussion: These results suggested that PAH contents in PM2.5 may be related to mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The reduction of inflammatory gene expression along with the reduction of PAHs content in PM2.5 may be related to the reduction of respiratory diseases.
