Abstract
In this paper, discussion is made on the distributions of contact stresses and the force ratio (the ratio of an increment of bolt axial force to an external load) when two hollow cylinders with plain washers are fastened with a set of a bolt and a nut and two T-flanges with plain washers are fastened with two sets of bolts and nuts. Analyses are performed for each model using the three-dimensional and the two-dimensional theory of elasticity. For verification, the contact stresses are measured by means of photo elasticity, and experiments are carried out with respect to the force ratio. The results obtained are as follows : 1) It is noticed that the distributions of contact stresses are tend to be uniform and the force ratio is tend to be small with the increases of the thickness and Young's modulus of plain washers. 2) The analytical results are in fairly good agreements with the experimental ones.
