Changes of Self-Concept in Breast Cancer Survivors and Meaning of Breast Reconstruction

Abstract

Purpose : To clarify the process of changes in the self-concept encompassing the period between the disease onset and the present and to delve into the meaning of reconstruction in breast cancer survivors who have chosen the two-stage breast reconstruction. Patients and Methods : The subjects were Ms. A, who underwent the reconstructive procedure after mastectomy ; and Ms. B, who selected the same procedure 2 months after breast-conserving surgery. Their mental processes were analyzed by means of a qualitative description based on the life story studies. Results : The following themes were extracted from similarities in the changes in self-concept : 1. The patient cannot bear to tell others that she suffers from breast cancer ; 2. She oscillates between a complex concerning the loss or deformation of her breast and the importance of preserving her life ; 3. She has a certain expectation about breast reconstruction ; and 4. Through the breast reconstruction, she acquires a unique approach to life and regains self-confidence. Conclusion : Breast reconstruction is an effective means by which the patients body image is heightened and a new value concept as a woman is acquired. This suggests that one must aid these patients when they express the doubts concerning their value concepts and other related thoughts along with the changing process of the self-concept ; and offer them necessary information so that the concept of their self-worthiness may be reinforced.