Examinees’ Learning and Educational Expectations of the Japanese Language Qualification for Secondary School Teachers in the Prewar Period: Examination Guidance in the Journal Kokkan Kenkyu

Abstract

This study examines the educational and cultural expectations placed on secondary school Japanese language teachers in the prewar period, particularly those who qualified through the Normal School Junior High School and High School Girls’ School Examination (“Bunken”). Based on the journal Kokkan Kenkyu (Nagoya Kokubun Gakkai), the research explores the learning demands on examinees preparing for this qualification.

The “test-taking experiences” published in the journal indicate that students viewed the Bunken as a surmountable challenge achievable through consistent effort. However, rather than focusing on conventional entrance exam techniques, their preparation prioritized mastering the core aspects of Japanese literature.

Furthermore, the “mock exams” included questions on Japanese grammar, the history of Japanese literature, and Chinese literature. The sample answers and advice highlight the necessity of extensive reading and a thorough understanding of each subject’s cultural and historical context.