Abstract
The toxicity of 15 fungicides which are common to the control of citrus diseases upon the predacious mite, Amblyseius deleoni MUMA et DENMARK, was evaluated to determine the selective fungicides least toxic to the predacious mite in the integrated chemical and biological control programs. The tests were carried out on direct toxicity and residual toxicity for adult females in the laboratory at 25°C and 80-90% R. H. The toxicity was assessed by the mortality, the fecundity and the developmental rate of eggs laid during the test periods. A. deleoni exhibited tolerance to 6 compounds including Difolatan, streptmycin, Daconil (tetrachloroisophtalonitrile), dithianon, oxine copper (copper 8-quinorate) and Kocide (copper hydroxide + CaCO3 0.5%). Maneb, mancozeb and propineb were highly toxic. Zineb, colloidal sulfur and be' nomyl were low toxic to the adult females, but highly toxic to the immature stage for a long time. Depression of mite fecundity was caused by benomyl, thiophanatemethyl and thiophanate. The influence of Bordeaux mixture was observed only in the case of direct application.
