Trends and LCA of Photovoltaic Power Generation

Abstract

Objective. This paper briefly reviews the recent trends of photovoltaic power generation systems（PV systems）and its implications to LCA, including the results of reports written in Japanese.

Results. It has been summarized that the PV systems’ energy payback time（EPT）and greenhouse gas（GHG）emission have been practical - even in the worst, minor-case, outdated scenarios. Current typical EPT for the most major polycrystalline silicon PV systems are around 2-3 years, while the GHG emission is generally below 50g-CO₂eq/kWh, when assuming a Japanese insolation and a 30-years lifetime. Newly emerging technologies and expansion of the production volume are further cutting down the EPT and GHG emissions.

Conclusions. The energy payback time and greenhouse gas emissions from PV systems have greatly reduced within the recent decade. Whenever evaluating these aspect of PV systems, it is crucial to refer to the latest data.