Progress of Surface Emitting Lasers

Abstract

Low threshold vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been developed for future parallel optoelectronics, including optical interconnects. The research field of surface emitting lasers is growing up rapidly and micro-amperes low threshold devices have been realized. The operating wavelength region of surface emitting lasers is now ranging from ultraviolet to infrared. In this paper, the recent progress of surface emitting semiconductor lasers is reviewed.