Analysis of Bacterial Flora of Soil Regenerating Material, SATOGEN

Abstract

SATOGEN, a soil regeneration material, is made by low-temperature fermentation of pruned branches, dredged soil, and mushroom waste mycorrhizal beds, which suppresses plant diseases and promotes fertilization at low temperatures. The bacterial flora of satogen was analyzed with the aim of identifying the bacterial species responsible for these functions. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed one major band. In addition, next-generation sequencing analysis revealed a characteristic bacterial flora. Compared to the flora of the dredged material, the flora of SATOGEN was 6.8 times higher in Archaea (3.4%), 0.56 times higher in Proteobacteria (39.4%), 3.2 times higher in Actinobacteria (23.8%), 3.4 times higher in Firmicutes (15.0%), 3.5 times higher in Chloroflexi (5.2%). At the genus level, Firmicutes phylum Bacillus was the most abundant genus, accounting for 6.2% of the total. The major band detected by PCR-DGGE analysis is probably that of the genus Bacillus. The genera that account for more than 1% of the total number of bacteria are Lysobacter, Streptomyces, Actinomadura, and Flexibacter, which produce antibiotics, and Lysobacter, Microbispora, Bacillus, Cytophaga, and Acidobacterium, which degrade chitin. These genera of bacteria can be expected to suppress plant diseases.