1990 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 497-508
A trivalent measles-mumps-rubella live virus vaccine, containing measles AIK-C strain, mumps Hoshino strain, and rubella Takahashi strain, was evaluated in 229 children, aged 1 to 5 years. The vaccine induced a high seroconversion rate: 221 (98.7%) out of 224 subjects initially seronegative for measles virus, 167 (93.3%) out of 179 initially seronegative for mumps virus, and 212 (99.1%) out of 214 initially seronegative for rubella virus. It also induced a sufficient cellular immunity against each of the three viruses in over 90% of the subjects, as judged by virus-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. Virus-specific IFN-γ production was observed 10 days after vaccination by stimulation with measles virus and rubella virus and 14 days after vaccination by stimulation with mumps virus. Mumps-virus-specific IFN-γ production was observed in 7 out of 12 recipients without seroconversion for mumps virus. And measles-virus-specific IFN-γ production was demonstrated in one out of three recipients without seroconversion for measles virus. A significant correlation was observed between the serum antibody and IFN-γ production six weeks after vaccination for measles virus (r=0.201, P<0.01) and for mumps virus (r=0.174, P<0.05) but not for rubella virus (r=-0.045, P>0.05). The incidence of febrile reactions of _??_37.5C was quite low, 14.4%, and that of _??_39C occurred in only 1.3% of the recipients. These results suggested that the trivalent vaccine induced sufficient humoral and cellular immunity and yet resulted in no more untoward reaction than observed from the measles vaccine alone.
