Unprofessional Behavior

-Assessment and Management-

Abstract

　Teaching professionalism is one of the most important themes in medical education, but difficulties remain regarding teaching and assessment. From the perspective of professionalism assessment discussions have focused on observable “behaviors” and redefining them as unprofessional behaviors has been growing since around 2000, especially in North America. This paper summarizes the concepts related to classification, assessment, and remediation of unprofessional behavior, including Japanese trends. It also aims to enlighten the public on concepts related to unprofessional behavior and to promote research that is relevant to the Japanese context. Through appropriate management of unprofessional behavior, we hope to foster medical students and doctors who can better withstand the demands of society.