Abstract
It has been contended by physical anthropologists and prehistoric archaeologists that Ezo and Emishi, whose names appear in ancient Japanese history, were distinct from the Ainu. The author, basing his case on documentary and linguistic materials, particularly on place names of Ainu origin in northeastern Honshu, concludes that the Ezo and Emishi were one and the same group with the Ainu, and that they had moved down from the north to settle in northeastern Honshu.
