Network Polymer Benzoxazines

─New Molecular Designs and Polymerization Processes of Benzoxazines─

Abstract

1,3-Benzoxazines have attracted considerable attention as monomers for high performance networked polymers. Their facile syntheses with combining a wide range of phenols, amines, and formaldehyde derivatives have allowed the diverse designs of 1,3-benzoxazines. In addition, combinations of 1,3-benzoxazines with other conventional monomers and reactants have enabled the development of new polymerization processes of 1,3-benzoxazines. This review paper presents the stream of our investigations on the polymerization mechanisms of 1,3-benzoxazines that brought us to the development of 1) a series of highly reactive 1,3-benzoxazines based on neighboring group participation and introduction of thioether groups and 2) a couple of reactions of 1,3-benzoxazines such as the addition reaction with resorcinols and thiols that proceed efficiently without heating.