Abstract
Objective: We investigated the clinical significance of hematuria in health check-up examinees.
Methods: We collected hematuria data for 16,018 subjects (10,841 males, 5,177 females) who underwent a health check-up (Ningen Dock) at the Health Management Center of Toranomon Hospital during a one-year period from February 2011, and investigated an association between hematuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Next, in 58,337 subjects (48,141 males, 18,152 females) who underwent Ningen Dock in the 4-year period from 2008 to 2011, the results for hematuria at the time of Ningen Dock were examined for those who had later been diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer on the basis of kidney and ureteral stones in abdominal ultrasonography and further examinations.
Results: In multivariate analysis including age, there was no significant association between hematuria and low eGFR. Also, the positive rate for hematuria in those in whom kidney stones were observed in ultrasonography was just 18.5%. In addition, only 8.3% of those with renal cell carcinoma and 28.6% of those with bladder cancer had been positive for hematuria.
Conclusions: While positive rates for hematuria in Ningen Dock were higher than previous reports, we considered that our findings did not suggest that being positive for hematuria in a single urine test would be an effective predictor of CKD or other urological diseases. In the future, it will desirable to have new guidelines, which also include a consideration of health economics, for determining the validity of examining those positive for hematuria further.
