A Case of Methotrexate-Induced Stomatitis and Skin Erosions Accompanied by Pancytopenia

Abstract

A 77-year-old female with a 19-year history of rheumatoid arthritis was admitted to our hospital because of the simultaneous appearance of oral mucositis and erosions on her back accompanied by appetite loss.Shehad been treated with increasing doses of oral methotrexate (MTX), which had started 3 years and 9 months previously, up to 8 mg/week combined with oral prednisolone 5 mg/day.Laboratory investigation revealed leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, followed by anemia 3 days later.MTXwas stopped and the patient was successfully treated with folic acid 24 mg/day and granulocytecolony stimulating factor 75 μg/day for 3 days.Although oral mucositis is a well-known side effect of MTX, the initial diagnosis of our case was difficult because of the unusual symptom of erosions on her back, which were reminiscent of pemphigus.Itis important to recognize that oral mucositis is a predictive sign of bone marrow suppression and to be aware of the appearance of skin erosions and/or ulcerations as side effects of MTX therapy.