Abstract
Objectives: The Functional Vision Screening Questionnaire (FVSQ) is a screening tool developed in the U.S. for identifying older people with vision impairment and their needs for vision rehabilitation. We aimed to present the Japanese version of the FVSQ (J-FVSQ) (trial version). Methods and results: First, in accordance with the conceptual translation method, we translated the FVSQ into Japanese before editing the Japanese version in order to make it appropriate for Japanese cultural and social contexts. The major adjustments made were to: change the number of answer options from two to three, remove a question asking about advice from an ophthalmologist to a client on the possibility for treatment, and add a question on photophobia in accordance with a criterion for vision rehabilitation by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. As a result, the J-FVSQ was tentatively developed. Second, a pilot test was administered to verify the clarity of the tentative J-FVSQ. In total, 20 Japanese individuals with vision impairment (average age: 45±14) participated in this pilot study. After answering the tentative J-FVSQ, the participants were asked about their opinions on the clarity of the J-FVSQ and about their suggestions for modifications. Four kinds of suggestions for modification were provided by the participants. These suggestions were applied to the tentative J-FVSQ. Finally, the J-FVSQ (trial version) was developed. Conclusion: We developed the J-FVSQ (trial version) through a translation process and pilot test. For further studies, the psychometric property of the J-FVSQ (trial version) should be examined.
https://ror.org/058s63h23 
