Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a syndrome that exhibits hypoproteinemia and proteinuria. Richard Bright (1789-1858) in the United Kingdom first showed an association between kidney disease and edema as “Bright′s disease” in 1827 and classified it into three groups. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome is considered to be one of the three groups. In the early 20th century, Friedrich von Müller established the concept of nephrotic (Nephrose) diseases out of “Bright′s disease”. He had already pointed out that the nephrotic syndrome is a syndrome rather than a disease. Although more than 100 years have passed, the cause of nephrotic syndrome remains unknown today. Herein, we introduce the latest findings regarding the treatment and the immunological background for the cause of nephrotic syndrome, especially for Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome (MCNS) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) that are considered to be among the main causes of Nephrotic syndrome among children.
