2023 Volume 82 Issue 3 Pages 143-146
Since the discovery of insulin more than 100 years ago, the treatment of type 1 diabetes has evolved, especiallyin recent years, with remarkable advances in drugs and medical devices. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)is now widely used worldwide for glycemic control of diabetes mellitus, and the concept of time in range was proposed as the new glycemic control metric using CGM beyond A1c. This metric indicates the percentage of time inthe target glycemic range (70–180 mg/dl) at CGM, with a TIR of at least 70%, which corresponds to an HbA1c ofless than 7.0%. Sensor-augmented insulin pumps with automatic regulation of basal insulin are now available inJapan as insulin therapy devices. This system has been shown to safely improve glycemic control in pediatric type1 diabetes patients. Nasal glucagon is approved for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetesin Japan. The launch of nasal glucagon has made it possible to administer glucagon easily and quickly to childrenwith severe hypoglycemia. We expect that advances in the treatment and management of pediatric type 1 diabeteswill contribute to improving the quality of life of children with type 1 diabetes.
