Universal memory MRAM

Abstract

This article reviews the principles behind the operation of a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) and the advantage of using such a memory in comparison with other nonvolatile memories. Although MRAM is expected to be a universal memory in the future, it has not been realized yet. The problems to be tackled are described. Also, in this paper, we report on the efforts to develop an MRAM with low power, high speed and high density.