Foundation of Randomness Extraction

Abstract

Random bits generation plays an important role for various fields such as Monte-Carlo simulations, algorithms and information security. While real random bits cannot be generated by computers, there are many physical sources that are look like random and it remains possible that we can use such sources to computationally extract real random bits. Efficient algorithms of extracting real randomness from the sources have been extensively investigated. We show a foundation of randomness extractors and its recent progess.