Synthesis of Ba_xSr_1-xTiO₃ crystalline nanoparticles by sol-gel process

Abstract

Ba_xSr_1-xTiO₃ nanoparticles were synthesized with sol-gel method using alkoxide complex, ethanol/benzene co-solvent and water (hydrolysis initiator). The titanate particles were characterized with XRD, TEM, IR and XPS. The particles were crystallized above a water concentration of 2 M. Above the water concentration, grain and particle sizes increased from 10 nm to 90 nm with increasing water and benzene concentrations in concentration ranges of 2 ∼ 20 M water and 0 ∼ 5 M benzene. These results can probably be explained by hydrophilicity of hydroxyl groups on the particle surface.