Study on the aging effect in Fe and La co-doped BaTiO3

Abstract

It has been well known that in ferroelectrics, acceptor doping and donor doping lead to quite different effects on the ferroelectric aging. Acceptor doping results in strong aging effect, and donor doping results in weak aging effect which can be ignored. However, the study on hybrid doping is very limited. Here we report the aging phenomenon in Fe [acceptor dopant] and La [donor dopant] co-doped BaTiO3, with Fe fixed at 1mol% and La varied from 0.5mol% to 1.5mol%. We found that in Fe&La-BaTiO3, obvious aging phenomena [double P-E loops] can only be observed when Fe [acceptor dopant] is dominant. When La dopant is equal to or exceeds Fe dopant, there is no aging phenomenon observed. Finally, the reason was discussed and tentatively explained from the view of defect chemistry.