Damage Mechanisms of Refractories for Iron and Steel Making

Abstract

Refractories for iron and steel making are chemically damaged by contact with high temperature molten metal or slag, and mechanically by thermal shock of the severe temperature changes. The damage mechanisms are complex because using conditions change with the manufacturing process and the using parts. In order to prevent an accident such as a metal or slag leak and decrease the refractories costs, it is important to clarify the damage mechanism and take measures. In this paper, the author will present the practical cases, which are main trough material, castable for steel ladle, castable for tundish and others.