Atomic Growth Characterization of Solid-State Synthesized Barium Titanate by Spatially Resolved Electron

Abstract

Early stage of Solid-State synthesis of BaTiO₃ was characterized by cold field emission gun (CFG) installed scanning transmission electron microscopy. TiO₂ and BaCO₃ mixed powders quenched from several temperatures. Atomic surface diffusion of Ba was recognized as nano-bridging between of TiO₂ and BaCO₃ powders at 600^oC. The quenched from 700^oC show 2 nm in thickness of BaTiO₃ layer formation on TiO₂ powder with 50 nm width of Ba diffusion from the interface in the bridged powder, on the contrary, Amorphous like less than 1nm BaTiO₃ layer in non-bridged TiO₂ powder