Kinin Contents and Bradykininase Activities in Whole Saliva and Gingival Fluid from Patients with Periodontal Disease

Abstract

Kinin contents and bradykininase activities in whole saliva and gingival fluid from patients with periodontal disease were measured, and compared with various clinical findings such as PMA-index by Schour and Massler, OHI-score by Greene and Vermillion, pocket depth (mm) by a pocket marker and bone loss score (%) by Schei et al.
Whole saliva was collected by a vinyle tube after washing the oral cavity with water. For the measurement of kinin content or bradykininase activity, 1, 10-phenanthroline (kininase inhibitor) or Trasylol (kinin inhibitor) was added in the sample. The sample was centrifuged at 2, 500g for 20min. at 0°C and the supernate was used for the assay.
Gingival fluid was collected by filter paper strips. After the strips were weighed, the above described inhibitor was added, then the sample strips were homogenized by a Polytron homogenizer, and the mixture was centrifuged as in the case of saliva.
Kinin contents and bradykininase activities were assayed by a biological method using guinea pig ileum. The bradykininase activity was expressed by the amount of gingival fluid (mg) or whole saliva (ml) to produce 50% inactivation of added bradykinin (1μg).
The following results were obtained:
1. A statistically significant correlation was obtained only between kinin content in whole saliva or gingival fluid and pocket depth (p<0.01).
2. Statistically significant correlations were obtained between bradykininase activities in whole saliva and the following clinical findings; calculus score (p<0.05), pocket depth (p<0.001) and bone loss score (p<0.05), except plaque score and PMA-index.
3. Statistically significant correlations were obtained between bradykininase activites in gingival fluid and following clinical findings; PMA-index (p<0.01), plaque score (p<0.001), calculus score (p<0.01), pocket depth (p<0.01) and fluid quantity (p<0.001), except bone loss score.
4. A statistically significant correlation was obtained between kinin content and bradykininase activity in gingival fluid (p<0.01), but there was no statistically significant correlation between kinin content and bradykininase activity in whole saliva.
5. In the group of patients that were examined on the basis of clinical findings and X-ray photos, the kinin contents in whole saliva and gingival fluid were increased and the bradykininase activities were decreased following aggravation of the disease process.
It is concluded from these results that the kinin content and bradykininase activity in whole saliva and gingival fluid is closely related to the process of periodontal disease, and that kinin content and bradykininase activity in gingival fluid is more closely related to each clinical finding.