1966 Volume 1966 Issue 16 Pages 64-80
In this essay I intended to show, first, the process in which Watsuji's “Fûdo” (published in 1935) was completed, and some later modifications in his systematic ethics (“Rinrigaku” chap. IV. 1949). Then I examined several contemporary criticisms for and against it, and pointed out the problematic elements in his “Fûdo”-theory.
Jun Tosaka said that Watsuji's “Fûdo”-idea was valuable, but kis “Fûdo”-theory was fallacious. To distinguish what is alive and what is dead in Watsuji's “Fûdo”, I think, we must re-examine it in comparison with the remarkable results of modern human geography, cultural authropology, cultural sociology and other cultural or social sciences.