Lymphedema and Compression Therapy

Abstract

Traditionally Lymphedema has been treated conservatively with the so-called Combined Physical Therapy method including compression therapy as a particularly essential component.

Lymphedema occurs due to dysfunction of the lymphatic system and a disorder of the lymph fluid transport which results in an accumulation of interstitial fluid.

Interstitial fluid leaks out of the capillaries and accumulates in the tissue. With the affected extremity under compression venous pressure decreases while interstitial pressure increases which prevents interstitial fluid from accumulating and therefore can prevent an exacerbation of lymphedema. At the same time the function of veins and lymphatics can be improved. However inadequately applied compression can due to overly high local pressure on the other hand cause an aggravation of the situation.

Elastic gloves and sleeves have a tendency to cut into hand or elbow joints or into the mid of the upper arm and stockings tend to easily cut into ankle or knee joints or into the mid of the thigh and therefore need to be applied carefully. In order to prevent compression garments from cutting into the affected extremity it is important to have the necessary treatment experience to choose the right compression level, fabric and type.