Leiomyoma of the Great Saphenous Vein Mimicking Superficial Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors and very common in clinical work. However, leiomyomas originating from veins are rare. We report a case of leiomyoma originating from the great saphenous vein (GSV) misdiagnosed as a venous aneurysm with superficial vein thrombosis (SVT). A 60-year-old man presented to our clinic with a painful nodule located on his left thigh. Ultrasonography demonstrated a solid mass in the GSV, measuring 14.3 mm. The mass was diagnosed with a venous aneurysm with SVT and indicated for resection because of repeated pain. Preoperative ultrasonography confirmed that the tumor had abundant blood flow with color Doppler and was diagnosed as a localized GSV tumor rather than SVT. He subsequently underwent excision of the mass. Pathologic examination was consistent with a diagnosis of leiomyoma from the vein wall. If ultrasonography reveals a painful, solid mass adjacent to the venous wall, the tumor should be evaluated by the color Doppler ultrasonography in consideration of leiomyoma.