Abstract
Summary: Because of their simple structure, fern gametophytes have been used as experimental materials for a wide variety of studies in plant morphogenesis. These include cytological, physiological and biochemical studies of spore germination, elongation and division of protonemata, pattern formation of prothallia, differentiation of sexual organs, and movements and fertilization of sperms at the cellular level. Japanese researchers have published many papers in this area over the past100years. In this review, I would like to introduce and evaluate some of contributions of Japanese researches in this field.
