Abstract
Hyper-concentrated flows like mud flow and debris flow have been frequently observed in an upstream region of a river basin. Such flows showed non-Newtonian properties but remain poorly understood concerning the impacts of their rheological properties on fully developed turbulent flow structure.
In this paper, we experimentally investigated the effects of non-Newtonian fluid on resistance characteristics and flow structure over gravel bed by using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The results showed that Kaolin water mixtures in gravel bed open channel flows considerably changed flow structures and took the form of resistance decrease with Kaolin fraction Cv in the region of Cv<8% and followed by a subsequent increase in the region of Cv>8%.
