Non-human and Security in the Anthropocene and AI Era

Abstract

Security studies have traditionally focused on the national security with military concerns. However, since the end of the Cold War, there has been deepening and broadening in the scope of security studies, including views such as human security. Today and in the future, when the various assumptions of society are being reexamined, whose and which security issue is important? In order to answer this question, the classification of “human” and “non-human” is important. Traditional security studies have generally focused on threats assuming that humans become threats. Today, however, it will be necessary to discuss “non-human” in the context of security, as opposed to traditional “human.” Environmental issues and technology, such as AI, should be positioned as “non-human” to reveal a structural expansion of security matters. Based on the above problem, the research question is: What are the threats to national security and human security today and in the future? The paper argues that environmental issues and technology, such as AI, could pose a threat to national security and human security. It aims to bridge these security ideas by discussing national security and human security in the same context, which have traditionally been discussed separately. The paper aims to update the security paradigm in light of the characteristics of contemporary or future challenges. It will question the assumptions of national security and human security and examine threats to security from environmental issues and AI.