Abstract
Recent development in biotechnology [DNA-related techniques] enables us to applyin wide range of biology; systematics, evolution, intraspecific variation and individual identification. Non-invasivecollection of biological samples is now available in combination with in vitroamplification of DNA segments by PCR. Applicability of DNA-related techniqueswas summarized and the methods obtaining DNA from biological materials were reviewed. In particular, the potential use of polymorphic microsatellite DNA (GT dinucleotide repeat) amplified by PCR was emphasezed with some examples of successful application in captivity and in the wild.
