Abstract
In vivo molecular imaging has become a key technology for pathophysiological science and drug development. We are mostly utilizing PET (Positron Emission Tomography) as a first-choice modality, because of its ultra-high sensitivity for molecules, adequate temporal and spatial resolution, and especially broad spectrum of target molecules. The present status for development of PET molecular probes, instrumentations including microPET, and the methods for quantitative analyses will be introduced with some examples. In vivo molecular imaging could bring the high-quality information about:1. Molecular diagnosis for living patients with symptoms2. Closer approach for etiology and differential diagnosis3. Direct follow-up of key molecules as disease markers4. Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics in primates/human5. Dose finding information for individuals, corresponding to SNP6. Direct evidence for accumulation in non-target organs: Related to adverse effects7. Drug effects with surrogate markers8. Early decision of dropout substances (drug candidates) In 2005, RIKEN and National Institute of Radiological Science were selected as the key centers for development of All-Japan research network to further promote mutual international and multi-disciplinary collaboration on in vivo molecular imaging. On this occasion, the concept and project themes will also be introduced. [J Physiol Sci. 2007;57 Suppl:S21]
