DIMENSIONS OF TACTUAL IMPRESSIONS (2)

MASAAKI YOSHIDA

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.10.157

MASAAKI YOSHIDA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1968 Volume 10 Issue 4 Pages 157-173

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.10.157

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Published: 1968 Received: July 04, 1968 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : As a control experiment to (III) Multidimensional scaling (MDS) of distance matrix constructed indirectly from haptic differential profiles, the following data were analyzed by MDS model of Torgerson. (C) Direct estimation of similarities (DES)-touch with vision, (D) DES-vision only, (E) DES-concept only, and (F) indirect scaling of similarity from semantic differential profiles, among 25 samples of various material.
Results; All MDS yielded very similar configuration of vectors. Metals and stones cluster at the one pole, while fibers and papers at the opposite pole. Results of (III) and (F) are similar, while the other three give slightly different configurations from the above two.
Right : As a control experiment to (III) Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) of distance matrix constructed indirectly from haptic differential profiles, the following data were analyzed by MDS model of Torgerson. (C) Direct estimation of similarities (DES)-touch with vision, (D) DES-vision only, (E) DES-concept only, and (F) indirect scaling of similarity from semantic differential profiles, among 25 samples of various material.
Results; All MDS yielded very similar configuration of vectors. Metals and stones cluster at the one pole, while fibers and papers at the opposite pole. Results of (III) and (F) are similar, while the other three give slightly different configurations from the above two.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BORING, E. G. 1950 History of experimental psychology. New York: Century.
EKMAN, G. 1963 A direct method for multidimensional ratio scaling. Psychometrika, 28, 33-41.
EKMAN, G., & Sjoberg, L. 1965 Scaling. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 16, 451-474.
GULLIKSEN, H. 1961 Linear and multidimensional scaling. Psychometrika, 26, 9-25.
HARPER, R. 1956 Factor analysis as a technique for examining complex data on foodstuffs. Appl. Stat., 5, 32-48.
HAZZARD, F. W. 1930 A descriptive account of odors. J. exp. Psychol., 13, 297-331.
INDOW, T., & KANAZAWA, K. 1960 Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value., J. exp. Psychol., 59, 330-336.
INDOW, T., & SHIOSE, T. 1956 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colors. Jap. psychol. Res., 3, 45-64.
INDOW, T., & UCHIZONO, T. 1960 Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue and chroma., J. exp. Psychol., 59, 321-329.
KATZ, D. 1925 Der Aufbau der Tastwelt. Z. f. Psychol., Erg. Bd. 11, 270.
KATZ, D. 1938 The judgment of test bakers; a psychophysical study. Occup. Psychol., 12, 139-148.
KITAMURA, O., NAMBA, S., & MITO, S. 1962 Psychological evaluation of reproduced sounds. Res. Memo. Electroacoustic res. Commitee. Inst. Elect. Comm. (In Japanese)
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 55-58, October 35-36, 1962 May 65-70, October 191-192. (In Japanese)
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 1-28, 115-129.
LUGE, R. D. 1959 Individual choice behavior. New York: Wiley.
MEENES, M., & ZIGLER, J. J. 1923 An experimental study of the perceptions of roughness and smoothness. Amer., J. Psychol., 34, 542- 549.
NAKATANI, K. 1965 Sensory scaling. Jap., J. Psychol., 36, 202-211. (In Japanese)
NAMBA, S. 1967 The problem of attribute of sensation. Osaka Univ. Studies in Hum. Soc. Sci., College gen. Educ., 15, 2-18. (In Japanese)
OSGOOD, C. E. 1962 Studies on the generality of affective meaning systems. Amer. Psychologist, 17, 10-28.
OSGOOD, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, P. H. 1957 Measurement of meaning. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Press.
PIÉRON, H. 1963 La psychophysique. In Piaget, J. & Fraisse, P. (Eds.), Traite de psychologie experimentale, II, P. U. F.
SHEPARD, R. N. 1962 Analysis of proximities. Psychometrika, 27, 125-140, 219-246.
SHIOSE, T. 1958 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colours. (2). Jap. J. Psychol., 28, 375-385. (In Japanese)
SONE, T., KSDO, K., & NIMURA, T. 1962 Analysis of terms used in the evaluation of timbre. Jap., J. Acoust., 18, 320-326. (In Japanese)
SULLIVAN, A. H. 1927 The cutaneous perception of softness and hardness., J. exp. Psychol., 10, 447-462.
STEVENS, S. S. 1934 The atributes of tones. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 20, 457-459. (cit. in Boring, 1942, Sensation and perception. New York: Century).
STEVENS, S. S. 1958 Problems and methods of psychophysics. Psychol. Bull., 54, 177-196.
STEVENS, S. S. 1959 Measurement, psychophysics, and utility. In Churchman, C. R. & Ratoosh, P. (Eds.), Measurement: definitions and theories. New York: Wiley. Pp. 18-63.
TANAKA, Y. 1964 Studies on the measurement of meaning and systems of affective meaning system. Jap. Rev. Psychol., 8, 27-69. (In Japanese)
THURSTONE, L. L. 1959 The measurement of values. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1958 Theory and methods of scaling. New York: Wiley.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1960 Quantitative judgment scales. In Gulliksen, H. & Messick, S. (Eds.), Psychological scaling. New York: Wiley. Pp. 21-32.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1961 Scaling and test theory. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 12, 51-60.
WADA, Y. 1950 Psychology of tone. Tokyo: Sogensha, Pp. 271. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen textiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 13, No. 10, 107-112, 14, No. 10, 68-74. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Studies in psychometric classification of odors. (2)., Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 12, 46-78. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Similarity among different kinds of taste near the threshold concentration. Jap. J. Psyclwl., 34, 25-35. (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964a Dimensions of tactual impressions. Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 13, 47-68. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964b Studies in psychometric classification of odors (3). Jap. J. Psychol., 35, 1-17. (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psyehol. Res., 6, 115-124, 145-154.
YOSHIDA, M. 1965 Studies on touch. Ergonomic Soc. Japan, No. 2, 23. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1968a Psychometric analysis of textile handling. Jap. psychol. Res., 10, 1-12.
YOSHIDA, M. 1968b Dimensions of tactual impressions (1). Jap. psvchol. Res. 10, 123-137.

Right : BORING, E. G. 1950 History of experimental psychology. New York: Century.
EKMAN, G. 1963 A direct method for multi-dimensional ratio scaling. Psychometrika, 28, 33-41.
EKMAN, G., & Sjöberg, L. 1965 Scaling. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 16, 451-474.
GULLIKSEN, H. 1961 Linear and multidimensional scaling. Psychometrika, 26, 9-25.
HARPER, R. 1956 Factor analysis as a technique for examining complex data on foodstuffs. Appl. Stat., 5, 32-48.
HAIIARD, F. W. 1930 A descriptive account of odors. J. exp. Psychol., 13, 297-331.
INDOW, T., & KANAZAWA, K. 1960 Multidimen-sional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 330-336.
INDOW, T., & SHIOSE, T. 1956 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colors. Jap. psychol. Res., 3, 45-64.
INDOW, T., & UCHIZONO, T. 1960 Multidimen-sional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue and chroma. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 321-329.
KATZ, D. 1925 Der Aufbau der Tastwelt. Z. f. Psychol., Erg. Bd. 11, 270.
KATZ, D. 1938 The judgment of test bakers; a psychophysical study. Occup. Psychol., 12, 139-148.
KITAMURA, O., NAMBA, S., & MITO, S. 1962 Psychological evaluation of reproduced sounds. Res. Memo. Electro-acoustic res. Commitee. Inst. Elect. Comm. (In Japanese)
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 55-58, October 35-36, 1962
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 65-70, October 191-192. (In Japanese)
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 1-28.
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 115-129.
LUCE, R. D. 1959 Individual choice behavior. New York: Wiley.
MEENES, M., & ZIGLER, J. J. 1923 An experimental study of the perceptions of roughness and smoothness. Amer. J. Psychol., 34, 542-549.
NAKATANI, K. 1965 Sensory scaling. Jap. J. Psychol., 36, 202-211.(In Japanese)
NAMBA, S. 1967 The problem of attribute of sensation. Osaka Univ. Studies in Hum. Soc. Sci., College gen. Educ., 15, 2-18.(In Japanese)
OSGOOD, C. E. 1962 Studies on the generality of affective meaning systems. Amer. Psychol ogist, 17, 10-28.
OSGOOD, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, P. H. 1957 Measurement of meaning. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Press.
PIÉRON, H. 1963 La psychophysique. In Piaget, J. & Fraisse, P.(Eds.), Traite de psychologie experimentale, II, P. U. F.
SHEPARD, R. N. 1962 Analysis of proximities. Psychometrika, 27, 125-140, 219-246.
SHIOSE, T. 1958 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colours.(2). Jap. J. Psychol., 28, 375-385.(In Japanese)
SONE, T., KIDO, K., & NIMURA, T. 1962 Analysis of terms used in the evaluation of timbre. Jap. J. Acoust., 18, 320-326.(In Japanese)
SULLIVAN, A. H. 1927 The cutaneous perception of softness and hardness. J. exp. Psychol., 10, 447-462.
STEVENS, S. S. 1934 The atributes of tones. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 20, 457-459.
STEVENS, S. S. 1958 Problems and methods of psychophysics. Psychol. Bull., 54, 177-196.
STEVENS, S. S. 1959 Measurement, psychophysics, and utility. In Churchman, C. R. & Ratoosh, P.(Eds.), Measurement: definitions and theories. New York: Wiley. Pp.18-63.
TANAKA, Y. 1964 Studies on the measurement of meaning and systems of affective meaning system. Jap. Rev. Psychol., 8, 27-69.(In Japanese)
THURSTONE, L. L. 1959 The measurement of values. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1958 Theory and methods of scaling. New York: Wiley.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1960 Quantitative judgment scales. In Gulliksen, H. & Messick, S.(Eds.), Psychological scaling. New York: Wiley. Pp.21-32.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1961 Scaling and test theory. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 12, 51-60.
WADA, Y. 1950 Psychology of tone. Tokyo: Sogensha, Pp.271.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen textiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 13, No.10, 107-112, (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen tex-tiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 14, No.10, 68-74.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Studies in psychometric clas-sification of odors.(2). Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 12, 46-78.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Similarity among different kinds of taste near the threshold concentration. Jap. J. Psychol., 34, 25-35, (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964a Dimensions of tactual impressions. Journal Jap. Women's Uniu., 13, 47-68. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964b Studics in psychometric classification of odors (3). Jap. J. Psychol., 35, 1-17.(In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. I964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psychol. Res., 6, 115-124.
YOSHIDA, M. I964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psychol. Res., 6, 145-154.
YOSHIDA, M. 1965 Studies on touch. Ergonomic Soc. Japan, No.2, 23.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1968a Psychometric analysis of textile handling. Jap. psychol. Res., 10, 1-12.
YOSHIDA, M. 1968b Dimensions of tactual impressions (1). Jap. psychol. Res. 10, 123-137.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BORING, E. G. 1950 History of experimental psychology. New York: Century.
EKMAN, G. 1963 A direct method for multi-dimensional ratio scaling. Psychometrika, 28, 33-41.
EKMAN, G., & Sjöberg, L. 1965 Scaling. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 16, 451-474.
GULLIKSEN, H. 1961 Linear and multidimensional scaling. Psychometrika, 26, 9-25.
HARPER, R. 1956 Factor analysis as a technique for examining complex data on foodstuffs. Appl. Stat., 5, 32-48.
HAIIARD, F. W. 1930 A descriptive account of odors. J. exp. Psychol., 13, 297-331.
INDOW, T., & KANAZAWA, K. 1960 Multidimen-sional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 330-336.
INDOW, T., & SHIOSE, T. 1956 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colors. Jap. psychol. Res., 3, 45-64.
INDOW, T., & UCHIZONO, T. 1960 Multidimen-sional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue and chroma. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 321-329.
KATZ, D. 1925 Der Aufbau der Tastwelt. Z. f. Psychol., Erg. Bd. 11, 270.
KATZ, D. 1938 The judgment of test bakers; a psychophysical study. Occup. Psychol., 12, 139-148.
KITAMURA, O., NAMBA, S., & MITO, S. 1962 Psychological evaluation of reproduced sounds. Res. Memo. Electro-acoustic res. Commitee. Inst. Elect. Comm. (In Japanese)
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 55-58, October 35-36, 1962
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 65-70, October 191-192. (In Japanese)
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 1-28.
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 115-129.
LUCE, R. D. 1959 Individual choice behavior. New York: Wiley.
MEENES, M., & ZIGLER, J. J. 1923 An experimental study of the perceptions of roughness and smoothness. Amer. J. Psychol., 34, 542-549.
NAKATANI, K. 1965 Sensory scaling. Jap. J. Psychol., 36, 202-211.(In Japanese)
NAMBA, S. 1967 The problem of attribute of sensation. Osaka Univ. Studies in Hum. Soc. Sci., College gen. Educ., 15, 2-18.(In Japanese)
OSGOOD, C. E. 1962 Studies on the generality of affective meaning systems. Amer. Psychol ogist, 17, 10-28.
OSGOOD, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, P. H. 1957 Measurement of meaning. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Press.
PIÉRON, H. 1963 La psychophysique. In Piaget, J. & Fraisse, P.(Eds.), Traite de psychologie experimentale, II, P. U. F.
SHEPARD, R. N. 1962 Analysis of proximities. Psychometrika, 27, 125-140, 219-246.
SHIOSE, T. 1958 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colours.(2). Jap. J. Psychol., 28, 375-385.(In Japanese)
SONE, T., KIDO, K., & NIMURA, T. 1962 Analysis of terms used in the evaluation of timbre. Jap. J. Acoust., 18, 320-326.(In Japanese)
SULLIVAN, A. H. 1927 The cutaneous perception of softness and hardness. J. exp. Psychol., 10, 447-462.
STEVENS, S. S. 1934 The atributes of tones. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 20, 457-459.
STEVENS, S. S. 1958 Problems and methods of psychophysics. Psychol. Bull., 54, 177-196.
STEVENS, S. S. 1959 Measurement, psychophysics, and utility. In Churchman, C. R. & Ratoosh, P.(Eds.), Measurement: definitions and theories. New York: Wiley. Pp.18-63.
TANAKA, Y. 1964 Studies on the measurement of meaning and systems of affective meaning system. Jap. Rev. Psychol., 8, 27-69.(In Japanese)
THURSTONE, L. L. 1959 The measurement of values. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1958 Theory and methods of scaling. New York: Wiley.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1960 Quantitative judgment scales. In Gulliksen, H. & Messick, S.(Eds.), Psychological scaling. New York: Wiley. Pp.21-32.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1961 Scaling and test theory. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 12, 51-60.
WADA, Y. 1950 Psychology of tone. Tokyo: Sogensha, Pp.271.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen textiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 13, No.10, 107-112, (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen tex-tiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 14, No.10, 68-74.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Studies in psychometric clas-sification of odors.(2). Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 12, 46-78.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Similarity among different kinds of taste near the threshold concentration. Jap. J. Psychol., 34, 25-35, (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964a Dimensions of tactual impressions. Journal Jap. Women's Uniu., 13, 47-68. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964b Studics in psychometric classification of odors (3). Jap. J. Psychol., 35, 1-17.(In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. I964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psychol. Res., 6, 115-124.
YOSHIDA, M. I964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psychol. Res., 6, 145-154.
YOSHIDA, M. 1965 Studies on touch. Ergonomic Soc. Japan, No.2, 23.(In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1968a Psychometric analysis of textile handling. Jap. psychol. Res., 10, 1-12.
YOSHIDA, M. 1968b Dimensions of tactual impressions (1). Jap. psychol. Res. 10, 123-137.

Right : BORING, E. G. 1950 History of experimental psychology. New York: Century.
EKMAN, G. 1963 A direct method for multidimensional ratio scaling. Psychometrika, 28, 33-41.
EKMAN, G., & Sjöberg, L. 1965 Scaling. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 16, 451-474.
GULLIKSEN, H. 1961 Linear and multidimensional scaling. Psychometrika, 26, 9-25.
HARPER, R. 1956 Factor analysis as a technique for examining complex data on foodstuffs. Appl. Stat., 5, 32-48.
HAZZARD, F. W. 1930 A descriptive account of odors. J. exp. Psychol., 13, 297-331.
INDOW, T., & KANAZAWA, K. 1960 Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 330-336.
INDOW, T., & SHIOSE, T. 1956 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colors. Jap. psychol. Res., 3, 45-64.
INDOW, T., & UCHIZONO, T. 1960 Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue and chroma. J. exp. Psychol., 59, 321-329.
KATZ, D. 1925 Der Aufbau der Tastwelt. Z. f. Psychol., Erg. Bd. 11, 270.
KATZ, D. 1938 The judgment of test bakers; a psychophysical study. Occup. Psychol., 12, 139-148.
KITAMURA, O., NAMBA, S., & MITO, S. 1962 Psychological evaluation of reproduced sounds. Res. Memo. Electro-acoustic res. Commitee. Inst. Elect. Comm. (In Japanese)
KITAMURA, O., MITO, S., NAMBA, S., & MATSUMOTO, N. 1961 Studies in Timbre. Rep. acoust. Soc. Japan, May 55-58, October 35-36, 1962 May 65-70, October 191-192. (In Japanese)
KRUSKAL, J. B. 1964 Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29, 1-28, 115-129.
LUCE, R. D. 1959 Individual choice behavior. New York: Wiley.
MEENES, M., & ZIGLER, J. J. 1923 An experimental study of the perceptions of roughness and smoothness. Amer. J. Psychol., 34, 542-549.
NAKATANI, K. 1965 Sensory scaling. Jap. J. Psychol., 36, 202-211. (In Japanese)
NAMBA, S. 1967 The problem of attribute of sensation. Osaka Univ. Studies in Hum. Soc. Sci., College gen. Educ., 15, 2-18. (In Japanese)
OSGOOD, C. E. 1962 Studies on the generality of affective meaning systems. Amer. Psychologist, 17, 10-28.
OSGOOD, C. E., Suci, G. J., & Tannenbaum, P. H. 1957 Measurement of meaning. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Press.
PIÉRON, H. 1963 La psychophysique. In Piaget, J. & Fraisse, P. (Eds.), Traite de psychologie experimentale, II, P. U. F.
SHEPARD, R. N. 1962 Analysis of proximities. Psychometrika, 27, 125-140, 219-246.
SHIOSE, T. 1958 An application of the method of multidimensional scaling to perception of similarity or difference in colours.(2). Jap. J. Psychol., 28, 375-385. (In Japanese)
SONE, T., KIDO, K., & NIMURA, T. 1962 Analysis of terms used in the evaluation of timbre. Jap. J. Acoust., 18, 320-326. (In Japanese)
SULLIVAN, A. H. 1927 The cutaneous perception of softness and hardness. J. exp. Psychol., 10, 447-462.
STEVENS, S. S. 1934 The atributes of tones. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 20, 457-459. (cit. in Boring, 1942, Sensation and perception. New York: Century).
STEVENS, S. S. 1958 Problems and methods of psychophysics. Psychol. Bull., 54, 177-196.
STEVENS, S. S. 1959 Measurement, psychophysics, and utility. In Churchman, C. R. & Ratoosh, P. (Eds.), Measurement: definitions and theories. New York: Wiley. Pp.18-63.
TANAKA, Y. 1964 Studies on the measurement of meaning and systems of affective meaning system. Jap. Rev. Psychol., 8, 27-69. (In Japanese)
THURSTONE, L. L. 1959 The measurement of values. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1958 Theory and methods of scaling. New York: Wiley.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1960 Quantitative judgment scales. In Gulliksen, H. & Messick, S.(Eds.), Psychological scaling. New York: Wiley. Pp.21-32.
TORGERSON, W. S. 1961 Scaling and test theory. Ann. Rev. Psychol., 12, 51-60.
WADA, Y. 1950 Psychology of tone. Tokyo: Sogensha, Pp.271. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1962-63 Handling of woolen textiles. Hinshitsu-Kanri (Quality control), 13, No.10, 107-112, 14, No.10, 68-74. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Studies in psychometric classification of odors. (2). Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 12, 46-78. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1963 Similarity among different kinds of taste near the threshold concentration. Jap. J. Psychol., 34, 25-35. (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964a Dimensions of tactual impressions. Journal Jap. Women's Univ., 13, 47-68. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964b Studies in psychometric classification of odors (3). Jap. J. Psychol., 35, 1-17. (In Japanese with English abstract)
YOSHIDA, M. 1964c Studies of psychometric classification of odors (4)-(5). Jap. psychol. Res., 6, 115-124, 145-154.
YOSHIDA, M. 1965 Studies on touch. Ergonomic Soc. Japan, No.2, 23. (In Japanese)
YOSHIDA, M. 1968a Psychometric analysis of textile handling. Jap. psychol. Res., 10, 1-12.
YOSHIDA, M. 1968b Dimensions of tactual impressions (1). Jap. psychol. Res. 10, 123-137.

Abstract

As a control experiment to (III) Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) of distance matrix constructed indirectly from haptic differential profiles, the following data were analyzed by MDS model of Torgerson. (C) Direct estimation of similarities (DES)-touch with vision, (D) DES-vision only, (E) DES-concept only, and (F) indirect scaling of similarity from semantic differential profiles, among 25 samples of various material.
Results; All MDS yielded very similar configuration of vectors. Metals and stones cluster at the one pole, while fibers and papers at the opposite pole. Results of (III) and (F) are similar, while the other three give slightly different configurations from the above two.

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