THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE UPON VISUAL EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR AND SPONTANEOUS MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RHESUS MONKEYS (Macaca mulatta)

NOBUO IBUKA

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.13.26

THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE UPON VISUAL EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR AND SPONTANEOUS MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RHESUS MONKEYS (Macaca mulatta)

NOBUO IBUKA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1971 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 26-33

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.13.26

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Published: 1971 Received: March 29, 1971 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: TITLE Details: Wrong : THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE UPON VISUAL EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR AND SPONTANEOUS MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RHESUS MONKEYS
Right : THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE UPON VISUAL EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR AND SPONTANEOUS MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RHESUS MONKEYS (Macaca mulatta)

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: SUBTITLE Details: Wrong : Macaca mulatta

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The differential effects of methamphetamine (2mg/kg, i.m.) upon visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity were studied with rhesus monkeys (Exp. I, n=10, Exp. II, n=6). The frequency and cumulative time of the approach response to the visual stimulus (either a flickering light or a peer monkey) were recorded as an index of visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity was also measured in terms of photobeam breaks by the S's spontaneous movements. It was found that methamphetamine significantly inhibited the approach response to the visual stimulus, but spontaneous motor activity obtained concurrently with visual exploratory behavior was elevated in some monkeys but depressed in other monkeys. The results were discussed in relation to Berlyne's arousal hypothesis.
Right : The differential effects of methamphetamine (2 mg/kg, i. m.) upon visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity were studied with rhesus monkeys (Exp. I, n=10, Exp. II, n=6). The frequency and cumulative time of the approach response to the visual stimulus (either a flickering light or a peer monkey) were recorded as an index of visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity was also measured in terms of photobeam breaks by the S's spontaneous movements. It was found that methamphetamine significantly inhibited the approach response to the visual stimulus, but spontaneous motor activity obtained concurrently with visual exploratory behavior was elevated in some monkeys but depressed in other monkeys. The results were discussed in relation to Berlyne's arousal hypothesis.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ALEXANDER, M., & ISAAC, W. 1965 Effect of illumination and d-amphetamine on the activity of the rhesus macaque. Psychol. Rep., 16, 311-313.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1960 Conflict, arousal, and curiosity. New York: McGraw-Hill.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1969 The rewardvalue of indifferent stimulation. In Tapp, J. T. (Ed.) Reinforcement and Behavior. New York and London: Academic Press, pp. 178-214.
BERLYNE, D. E., KOENIG, I. D. V., & HIROTA, T. 1966 Novelty, arousal, and the reinforcement of diversive exploration in the rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 62, 222-226.
BINDRA, D., & BARAN, D. 1959 Effects of methylphenidate and chlorpromazine on certain components of general activity. J.exp. anal. Behav., 2, 343-350.
BUTLER, R. A., & WOOLPY, J. H. 1963 Visual attention in the rhesus monkey. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 56, 324-328.
COLE, S. O. 1967 Experimental effects of amphetamine: A review. Psychol. Bull., 68, 81-90.
DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Sensory stimulation and rhesus monkey activity. Percept. mot. Skills., 21, 319-322.
DYNE, L. J., & HUGHES, R. N. 1970 Effects of methylphenidate on activity and reactions to novelty in rats. Psychon. Sci., 19, 267-268,
FOG, R. 1969 Stereotyped and nonstereotyped behavior in rats induced by various stimulant drugs. Psychopharmacologia, 14, 299-304.
HAUDE, R. H., KRUPER, O. C., & PATTON, R. A. 1966 Relationships among measures of visual exploration in monkeys. 1. comp. physiol. Psychol. 62, 156-159.
HAUDE, R. H., & RAY, O. S. 1967 Visual exploration in monkeys as a function of visual incentive duration and sensory deprivation. 1. comp. physiol. Psychol., 64, 332-336.
IBUKA, N. 1970a The influence of daynight cycles and the additive effects of methamphetamine and illumination on the spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto). Primates, 11, 101-111.
IBUKA, N. 1970b The relationship between visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto). Primates, 11, 201-214.
ISAAC, W., & DEVITO, J. L. 1958 Effect of sensory stimulation on the activity of normal and prefrontallobectomized monkeys., J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 51, 172-174.
IWAHARA, S. 1970 Interactions between the effects of chlordiazepoxide and amphetamine on foodintake and spontaneous motor activity in the rat. Yap. psychol. Res., 12, 82-86.
KUMAR, R. 1969 Exploration and latent learning: Differential effects of dexamphetamine on components of exploratory behavior in rats. Psychopharmacologia, 16, 54-72.
LEVENTHAL, G. S., & KILLACKEY, H. 1968 Adrenalin, stimulation, and preference for familiar stimuli. p. comp. physiol. Psychol., 65, 152-155.
MENZEL, E. W. Jr., & DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Effects of size and shape of aperture upon visual exploration by rhesus monkeys. Percept. mot. Skills, 20, 581-589.
NAGAMURA, N., IWAHARA, S., MATSUDA, M., & TAKEUCHI, E. 1967 The effect of amphetamine and CPZ upon the activity, eating and EEG in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 31th , SPA meeting, p. 421.
RANDRUP, A., &MUNKVAD, I. 1967 Stereotyped activities produced by amphetamine in several animal species and man. Psychopharmacologia, 11, 300-310.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1969 Pharmacological studies on the brain mechanisms underlying two forms of behavioral excitation: Stereotyped hyperactivity and “rage”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 928-938.
SIIIMIZU, A., & HIMWSCH, H. E. 1968 The effects of amphetamine on the sleepwakefulness cycle of developing kittens. Psychopharmacologia, 13, 161-169.
STRECH, R. 1963 Effects of amphetamine and pentobarbitone on exploratory behavior in rats. Nature, 199, 787-789.
SUZUKI, R. 1968 The effect of amphetamine on eating and activity in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 32nd JPA meeting, p. 61.
WAKELEY, H. G., & O'SULLIVAN, D. 1969 Drug effects on mouse exploratory behavior. Psychon. Sci., 16, 27-28.
WALTERS, G., & BLOCK, R. G. 1969 Scopolamine effects on locomotor and exploratory activity in rats. Psychon. Sci., 17, 3-4.
YAGI, B. 1963 Studies in general activity: The effect of methamphetamine (in Japanese). Ann, Anim. Psychol., 13, 37-47.

Right : ALEXANDER, M., & ISAAC, W. 1965 Effect of illumination and d-amphetamine on the activity of the rhesus macaque. Psychol. Rep., 16, 311-313.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1960 Conflict, arousal, and curiosity. New York: McGraw-Hill.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1969 The reward-value of indifferent stimulation. In Tapp, J. T. (Ed.) Reinforcement and Behavior. New York and London: Academic Press, pp.178-214.
BERLYNE, D. E., KOENIG, I. D. V., & HIROTA, T. 1966 Novelty, arousal, and the reinforcement of diversive exploration in the rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 62, 222-226.
BINDRA, D., & BARAN, D. 1959 Effects of methylphenidate and chlorpromazine on certain components of general activity. J. exp. anal. Behay., 2, 343-350.
BUTLER, R. A., & WOOLPY, J. H. 1963 Visual attention in the rhesus monkey. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 56, 324-328.
COLE, S. O. 1967 Experimental effects of amphetamine: A review. Psychol. Bull., 68, 81-90.
DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Sensory stimulation and rhesus monkey activity. Percept. mot. Skills., 21, 319-322.
DYNE, L. J., & HUGHES, R. N. 1970 Effects of methylphenidate on activity and reactions to novelty in rats. Psychon. Sci., 19, 267-268.
FOG, R. 1969 Stereotyped and non-stereotyped behavior in rats induced by various stimulant drugs. Psychopharmacologia, 14, 299-304.
HAUDE, R. H., KRUPER, O. C., & PATTON, R. A. 1966 Relationships among measures of visual exploration in monkeys. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 62, 156-159.
HAUDE, R. H., & RAY, O. S. 1967 Visual exploration in monkeys as a function of visual incentive duration and sensory deprivation. J. comp. Physiol. Psychol., 64, 332-336.
IBUKA, N. 1970a The influence of day-night cycles and the additive effects of methamphetamine and illumination on the spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto). Primates, 11, 101-111.
IBUKA, N. 1970b The relationship between visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Primates, 11, 201-214.
ISAAC, W., & DEVITO, J. L. 1958 Effect of sensory stimulation on the activity of normal and prefrontal-lobectomized monkeys. J. camp. physial. Psychol., 51, 172-174.
IWAHARA, S. 1970 Interactions between the effects of chlordiazepoxide and amphetamine on food-intake and spontaneous motor activity in the rat. Jap. psychol. Res., 12, 82-86.
KUMAR, R. 1969 Exploration and latent learning: Differential effects of dexamphetamine on components of exploratory behavior in rats. Psychopharmacologia, 16, 54-72.
LEVENTHAL, G. S., & KILLACKEY, H. 1968 Adrenalin, stimulation, and preference for familiar stimuli. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 65, 152-155.
MENZEL, E. W. Jr., & DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Effects of size and shape of aperture upon visual exploration by rhesus monkeys. Percept. mot. Skills, 20, 581-589.
NAGAMURA, N., IWAHARA, S., MATSUDA, M., & TAKEUCHI, E. 1967 The effect of amphetamine and CPZ upon the activity, eating and EEG in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 31th JPA meeting, p.421.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1967 Stereotyped activities produced by amphetamine in several animal species and man. Psychopharmacologia, 11, 300-310.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1969 Pharmacological studies on the brain mechanisms underlying two forms of behavioral excitation: Stereotypedhyperactivity and “rage”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 928-938.
SHIMIZU, A., & HIMWICH, H. E. 1968 The effects of amphetamine on the sleep-wakefulness cycle of developing kittens. Psychopharmacologia, 13, 161-169.
STRECH, R. 1963 Effects of amphetamine and pentobarbitone on exploratory behavior in rats. Nature, 199, 787-789.
SUZUKI, R. 1968 The effect of amphetamine on eating and activity in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 32nd JPA meeting, p.61.
WAKELEY, H. G., & O'SULLIVAN, D. 1969 Drug effects on mouse exploratory behavior. Psychon. Sci., 16, 27-28.
WALTERS, G., & BLOCK, R. G. 1969 Scopolamine effects on locomotor and exploratory activity in rats. Psychon. Sci., 17, 3-4.
YAGI, B. 1963 Studies in general activity: The effect of methamphetamine (in Japanese). Ann, Anim. Psychol., 13, 37-47.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ALEXANDER, M., & ISAAC, W. 1965 Effect of illumination and d-amphetamine on the activity of the rhesus macaque. Psychol. Rep., 16, 311-313.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1960 Conflict, arousal, and curiosity. New York: McGraw-Hill.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1969 The reward-value of indifferent stimulation. In Tapp, J. T. (Ed.) Reinforcement and Behavior. New York and London: Academic Press, pp.178-214.
BERLYNE, D. E., KOENIG, I. D. V., & HIROTA, T. 1966 Novelty, arousal, and the reinforcement of diversive exploration in the rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 62, 222-226.
BINDRA, D., & BARAN, D. 1959 Effects of methylphenidate and chlorpromazine on certain components of general activity. J. exp. anal. Behay., 2, 343-350.
BUTLER, R. A., & WOOLPY, J. H. 1963 Visual attention in the rhesus monkey. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 56, 324-328.
COLE, S. O. 1967 Experimental effects of amphetamine: A review. Psychol. Bull., 68, 81-90.
DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Sensory stimulation and rhesus monkey activity. Percept. mot. Skills., 21, 319-322.
DYNE, L. J., & HUGHES, R. N. 1970 Effects of methylphenidate on activity and reactions to novelty in rats. Psychon. Sci., 19, 267-268.
FOG, R. 1969 Stereotyped and non-stereotyped behavior in rats induced by various stimulant drugs. Psychopharmacologia, 14, 299-304.
HAUDE, R. H., KRUPER, O. C., & PATTON, R. A. 1966 Relationships among measures of visual exploration in monkeys. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 62, 156-159.
HAUDE, R. H., & RAY, O. S. 1967 Visual exploration in monkeys as a function of visual incentive duration and sensory deprivation. J. comp. Physiol. Psychol., 64, 332-336.
IBUKA, N. 1970a The influence of day-night cycles and the additive effects of methamphetamine and illumination on the spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto). Primates, 11, 101-111.
IBUKA, N. 1970b The relationship between visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Primates, 11, 201-214.
ISAAC, W., & DEVITO, J. L. 1958 Effect of sensory stimulation on the activity of normal and prefrontal-lobectomized monkeys. J. camp. physial. Psychol., 51, 172-174.
IWAHARA, S. 1970 Interactions between the effects of chlordiazepoxide and amphetamine on food-intake and spontaneous motor activity in the rat. Jap. psychol. Res., 12, 82-86.
KUMAR, R. 1969 Exploration and latent learning: Differential effects of dexamphetamine on components of exploratory behavior in rats. Psychopharmacologia, 16, 54-72.
LEVENTHAL, G. S., & KILLACKEY, H. 1968 Adrenalin, stimulation, and preference for familiar stimuli. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 65, 152-155.
MENZEL, E. W. Jr., & DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Effects of size and shape of aperture upon visual exploration by rhesus monkeys. Percept. mot. Skills, 20, 581-589.
NAGAMURA, N., IWAHARA, S., MATSUDA, M., & TAKEUCHI, E. 1967 The effect of amphetamine and CPZ upon the activity, eating and EEG in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 31th JPA meeting, p.421.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1967 Stereotyped activities produced by amphetamine in several animal species and man. Psychopharmacologia, 11, 300-310.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1969 Pharmacological studies on the brain mechanisms underlying two forms of behavioral excitation: Stereotypedhyperactivity and “rage”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 928-938.
SHIMIZU, A., & HIMWICH, H. E. 1968 The effects of amphetamine on the sleep-wakefulness cycle of developing kittens. Psychopharmacologia, 13, 161-169.
STRECH, R. 1963 Effects of amphetamine and pentobarbitone on exploratory behavior in rats. Nature, 199, 787-789.
SUZUKI, R. 1968 The effect of amphetamine on eating and activity in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 32nd JPA meeting, p.61.
WAKELEY, H. G., & O'SULLIVAN, D. 1969 Drug effects on mouse exploratory behavior. Psychon. Sci., 16, 27-28.
WALTERS, G., & BLOCK, R. G. 1969 Scopolamine effects on locomotor and exploratory activity in rats. Psychon. Sci., 17, 3-4.
YAGI, B. 1963 Studies in general activity: The effect of methamphetamine (in Japanese). Ann, Anim. Psychol., 13, 37-47.

Right : ALEXANDER, M., & ISAAC, W. 1965 Effect of illumination and d-amphetamine on the activity of the rhesus macaque. Psychol. Rep., 16, 311-313.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1960 Conflict, arousal, and curiosity. New York: McGraw-Hill.
BERLYNE, D. E. 1969 The reward-value of indifferent stimulation. In Tapp, J. T.(Ed.) Reinforcement and Behavior. New York and London: Academic Press, pp.178-214.
BERLYNE, D. E., KOENIG, I. D. V., & HIROTA, T. 1966 Novelty, arousal, and the reinforcement of diversive exploration in the rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 62, 222-226.
BINDRA, D., & BARAN, D. 1959 Effects of methylphenidate and chlorpromazine on certain components of general activity. J. exp. anal. Behav., 2, 343-350.
BUTLER, R. A., & WOOLPY, J. H. 1963 Visual attention in the rhesus monkey. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 56, 324-328.
COLE, S. O. 1967 Experimental effects of amphetamine: A review. Psychol. Bull., 68, 81-90.
DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Sensory stimulation and rhesus monkey activity. Percept. mot. Skills., 21, 319-322.
DYNE, L. J., & HUGHES, R. N. 1970 Effects of methylphenidate on activity and reactions to novelty in rats. Psychon. Sci., 19, 267-268.
FOG, R. 1969 Stereotyped and non-stereotyped behavior in rats induced by various stimulant drugs. Psychopharmacologia, 14, 299-304.
HAUDE, R. H., KRUPER, O. C., & PATTON, R. A. 1966 Relationships among measures of visual exploration in monkeys. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 62, 156-159.
HAUDE, R. H., & RAY, O. S. 1967 Visual exploration in monkeys as a function of visual incentive duration and sensory deprivation. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 64, 332-336.
IBUKA, N. 1970a The influence of day-night cycles and the additive effects of methamphetamine and illumination on the spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Primates, 11, 101-111.
IBUKA, N. 1970b The relationship between visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous activity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Primates, 11, 201-214.
ISAAC, W., & DEVITO, J. L. 1958 Effect of sensory stimulation on the activity of normal and prefrontal-lobectomized monkeys. J. camp. physiol. Psychol., 51, 172-174.
IWAHARA, S. 1970 Interactions between the effects of chlordiazepoxide and amphetamine on food-intake and spontaneous motor activity in the rat. Jap. psychol. Res., 12, 82-86.
KUMAR, R. 1969 Exploration and latent learning: Differential effects of dexamphetamine on components of exploratory behavior in rats. Psychopharmacologia, 16, 54-72.
LEVENTHAL, G. S., & KILLACKEY, H. 1968 Adrenalin, stimulation, and preference for familiar stimuli. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 65, 152-155.
MENZEL, E. W. Jr., & DRAPER, W. A. 1965 Effects of size and shape of aperture upon visual exploration by rhesus monkeys. Percept. mot. Skills, 20, 581-589.
NAGAMURA, N., IWAHARA, S., MATSUDA, M., & TAKEUCHI, E. 1967 The effect of amphetamine and CPZ upon the activity, eating and EEG in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 31th JPA meeting, p.421.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1967 Stereotyped activities produced by amphetamine in several animal species and man. Psychopharmacologia, 11, 300-310.
RANDRUP, A., & MUNKVAD, I. 1969 Pharmacological studies on the brain mechanisms underlying two forms of behavioral excitation: Stereotyped hyperactivity and “rage”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 928-938.
SHIMIZU, A., & HIMWICH, H. E. 1968 The effects of amphetamine on the sleep-wakefulness cycle of developing kittens. Psychopharmacologia, 13, 161-169.
STRECH, R. 1963 Effects of amphetamine and pentobarbitone on exploratory behavior in rats. Nature, 199, 787-789.
SUZUKI, R. 1968 The effect of amphetamine on eating and activity in rats (in Japanese). Proc. the 32nd JPA meeting, p.61.
WAKELEY, H. G., & O'SULLIVAN, D. 1969 Drug effects on mouse exploratory behavior. Psychon. Sci., 16, 27-28.
WALTERS, G., & BLOCK, R. G. 1969 Scopolamine effects on locomotor and exploratory activity in rats. Psychon. Sci., 17, 3-4.
YAGI, B. 1963 Studies in general activity: The effect of methamphetamine (in Japanese). Ann, Anim. Psychol., 13, 37-47.

Abstract

The differential effects of methamphetamine (2 mg/kg, i. m.) upon visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity were studied with rhesus monkeys (Exp. I, n=10, Exp. II, n=6). The frequency and cumulative time of the approach response to the visual stimulus (either a flickering light or a peer monkey) were recorded as an index of visual exploratory behavior and spontaneous motor activity was also measured in terms of photobeam breaks by the S's spontaneous movements. It was found that methamphetamine significantly inhibited the approach response to the visual stimulus, but spontaneous motor activity obtained concurrently with visual exploratory behavior was elevated in some monkeys but depressed in other monkeys. The results were discussed in relation to Berlyne's arousal hypothesis.

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