EXPERIMENTS ON INDUCTION IN THE BINOCULAR FIELD COMPOSED OF THE INDEPENDENT MONOCULAR FIELDS (1)

TAROW INDOW; TAKAAKI KOYAZU

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.2.142

TAROW INDOW, TAKAAKI KOYAZU

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1960 Volume 2 Issue 4 Pages 142-151

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.2.142

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Published: 1960 Received: October 06, 1960 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : As the first one of a series of studies dealing with induction in the binocular field made up from the independent mono-cular fields, reports were made in the present article about results of all the ex-periments which were undertaken for the purpose of simply demonstrating occur-rence of induction and related phenomena between photic stimulation in one eye and that in the other eye. Induction induced by a figure in a particular position of the field is, in definition, the change in electri-cal excitability of the eye which is due to the figure and becomes observable through the stimulation by a white patch as a probe. The results of the present experi-ments clearly indicated that, no matter whether the configuration of figures in perception resulted from stimulations in one eye or composed from two components due to stimulation in one eye each, the same phenomena were observed with the configuration in respect to induction, its blocking and neutralization. In a word, these phenomena are indifferent to the “retinal origin” of figures participating. Besides, it was discovered that the white patch given to the eye electrically not stimulated also beautifully filled the role of probe. Thus induction is also indifferent to the retinal origin of the probe.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : GEBHARD, J. W. Motokawa's studies on electric excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Bull., 1953, 50, 73-111.
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (2). Experi-ments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (1). Psychologia, 1958, 1, 175-181. (a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (1). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (1). Jap. J. Psychol., 1958, 29, 29-40. (b)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process tak- ing the electrical phosphene as an index (3). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (2). Jap, J. Psychol., 1959, 29, 297-302. (a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (4). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (3). Jap. J. Psychol., 1959, 30, 1-7. (b)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (5). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (2). Jap. psychol. Res., 1959, 1, No. 7, 17-28. (c)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & KOZAKI, T. Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (3). Studies on the in- duction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (6). Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 1, No. 9, 38-47.
KOHATA, T., KOMATSU, M., & MOTOKAWA, K. After-effects of electrical test shocks as a factor affecting retinal color effects. Jap. J. Physiol., 1956, 6, 236-248.
MICHAELS, R. H. The electrical phosphene threshold as a measure of retinal induction and visual organization. J. exp. Psychol., 1957, 54, 21-27.
MOTOKAWA, K. Physiological induction in human retina as basis of color and brightness contrast. J. Neurophysiol., 1949, 12, 475-488. (a)
MOTOKAWA, K. Visual function and the electrical excitability of the retina. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1949, 51, 145-153. (b)
MOTOKAWA, K., & SUZUKI, K. Quantitative aspects of retinal inhibition. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1950, 52, 341-348.
MOTOKAWA, K. Propagation of retinal induction. J. Neurophysiol., 1951, 14, 339-351.
MOTOKAWA, K. Retinal traces and visual perception of movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 369-377.
MOTOKAWA, K., & EBE, M. The physiological mechanism of apparent movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 378-386.
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Monocular stereoscopic vision and gradients of retinal induction. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 392-397. (a)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Electrophysiological studies of binocular stereoscopic vision. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 398-403. (b)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Figural after-effects and retinal induction. J. gen. Psychol., 1957, 57, 121-135.
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Neutralization and propagation of retinal induction in human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 305-314. (a)
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. New facts on neutralization of retinal induction. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 315-323. (b)
ONOKI, T., & YAMAMOTO, H. Colorimetric purity and retinal induction, Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 65, 97-105.
RIGGS, L. A., CORNSWFET, J. C., 7 LEWIS, W. G. Effects of light on electrical excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Monogr., 1957, 71, No. 434.
WAKE, M. Effects of mechanical pressure upon electrical excitability of human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1957, 65, 145-155.

Right : GEBHARD, J. W.Motokawa's studies on electric excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Bull., 1953, 50, 73-111.
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies On the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (2). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (1). Psychologia, 1958, 1, 175-181.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (1). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (1)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1958, 29, 29-40.(b)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (3). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (2)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1959, 29, 297-302.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (4). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (3). Jap., J. Psychol., 1959, 30, 1-7.(b)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (5). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (2). lap. Psychol. Res., 1959, 1, No.7, 17-28.(c)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & KOZAKI, T. Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (3). Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (6). Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 1, No.9, 38-47.
KOHATA, T., KOMATSU, M., & MOTOKAWA, K. After-effects of electrical test shocks as a factor affecting retinal color effects. Jap., J. Physiol., 1956, 6, 236-248.
MICHAELS, R. H. The electrical phosphene threshold as a measure of retinal induction and visual organization, J. exp. Psychol., 1957, 54, 21-27.
MOTOKAWA, K. Physiological induction in human retina as basis of color and brightness contrast. 3.Neurophysiol., 1949, 12, 475-488.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K. Visual function and the electrical excitability of the retina. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1949, 51, 145-153.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., & SUZUKI, K. Quantitative aspects of retinal inhibition. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1950, 52, 341-348.
MOTOKAWA, K. Propagation of retinal induction. J. Neurophysiol., 1951, 14, 339-351.
MOTOKAWA, K. Retinal traces and visual perception of movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 369-377.
MOTOKAWA, K., & EBE, M. The physiological mechanism of apparent movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 378-386.
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Monocular stereoscopic vision and gradients of retinal induction. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 392-397.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Electrophysiological studies of binocular stereoscopic vision. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 398-403.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Figural after-effects and retinal induction. J. gen. Psychol., 1957, 57, 121-135.
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Neutralization and propagation of retinal induction in human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 305-314.(a)
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. New facts on neutralization of retinal induction. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 315-323.(b)
ONOKI, T., & YAMAMOTO, H. Colorimetric purity and retinal induction, Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 65, 97-105.
RIGGS, L. A., CORNSWEET, J. C., & LEWIS, W. G. Effects of light on electrical excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Monogr., 1957, 71, No.434.
WAKE, M. Effects of mechanical pressure upon electrical excitability of human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1957, 65, 145-155.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : GEBHARD, J. W.Motokawa's studies on electric excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Bull., 1953, 50, 73-111.
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies On the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (2). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (1). Psychologia, 1958, 1, 175-181.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (1). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (1)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1958, 29, 29-40.(b)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (3). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (2)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1959, 29, 297-302.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (4). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (3). Jap., J. Psychol., 1959, 30, 1-7.(b)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (5). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (2). lap. Psychol. Res., 1959, 1, No.7, 17-28.(c)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & KOZAKI, T. Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (3). Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (6). Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 1, No.9, 38-47.
KOHATA, T., KOMATSU, M., & MOTOKAWA, K. After-effects of electrical test shocks as a factor affecting retinal color effects. Jap., J. Physiol., 1956, 6, 236-248.
MICHAELS, R. H. The electrical phosphene threshold as a measure of retinal induction and visual organization, J. exp. Psychol., 1957, 54, 21-27.
MOTOKAWA, K. Physiological induction in human retina as basis of color and brightness contrast. 3.Neurophysiol., 1949, 12, 475-488.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K. Visual function and the electrical excitability of the retina. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1949, 51, 145-153.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., & SUZUKI, K. Quantitative aspects of retinal inhibition. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1950, 52, 341-348.
MOTOKAWA, K. Propagation of retinal induction. J. Neurophysiol., 1951, 14, 339-351.
MOTOKAWA, K. Retinal traces and visual perception of movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 369-377.
MOTOKAWA, K., & EBE, M. The physiological mechanism of apparent movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 378-386.
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Monocular stereoscopic vision and gradients of retinal induction. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 392-397.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Electrophysiological studies of binocular stereoscopic vision. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 398-403.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Figural after-effects and retinal induction. J. gen. Psychol., 1957, 57, 121-135.
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Neutralization and propagation of retinal induction in human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 305-314.(a)
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. New facts on neutralization of retinal induction. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 315-323.(b)
ONOKI, T., & YAMAMOTO, H. Colorimetric purity and retinal induction, Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 65, 97-105.
RIGGS, L. A., CORNSWEET, J. C., & LEWIS, W. G. Effects of light on electrical excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Monogr., 1957, 71, No.434.
WAKE, M. Effects of mechanical pressure upon electrical excitability of human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1957, 65, 145-155.

Right : GEBHARD, J. W. Motokawa's studies on electric excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Bull., 1953, 50, 73-111.
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies On the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (2). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (1). Psychologia, 1958, 1, 175-181.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (1). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (1)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1958, 29, 29-40.(b)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (3). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (2)., Jap. J. Psychol., 1959, 29, 297-302.(a)
INDOW, T., KUNO, U., YOSHIDA, T., & KOZAKI, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking the electrical phosphene as an index (4). Experiments under the conditions involving shift of fixation (3). Jap., J. Psychol., 1959, 30, 1-7.(b)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & YOSHIDA, T. Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (5). Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (2). Jap. Psychol. Res., 1959, 1, No.7, 17-28.(c)
INDOW, T., KOYAZU, T., & KOZAKI, T. Experiments on the propagation of the induction across the blind spot (3). Studies on the induction in visual process taking electrical phosphene as an index (6). Jap. psychol. Res., 1960, 1, No.9, 38-47.
KOHATA, T., KOMATSU, M., & MOTOKAWA, K. After-effects of electrical test shocks as a factor affecting retinal color effects. Jap., J. Physiol., 1956, 6, 236-248.
MICHAELS, R. H. The electrical phosphene threshold as a measure of retinal induction and visual organization, J. exp. Psychol., 1957, 54, 21-27.
MOTOKAWA, K. Physiological induction in human retina as basis of color and brightness contrast. J. Neurophysiol., 1949, 12, 475-488.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K. Visual function and the electrical excitability of the retina. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1949, 51, 145-153.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., & SUZUKI, K. Quantitative aspects of retinal inhibition. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1950, 52, 341-348.
MOTOKAWA, K. Propagation of retinal induction. J. Neurophysiol., 1951, 14, 339-351.
MOTOKAWA, K. Retinal traces and visual perception of movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 369-377.
MOTOKAWA, K., & EBE, M. The physiological mechanism of apparent movement. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 45, 378-386.
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Monocular stereoscopic vision and gradients of retinal induction. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 392-397.(a)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Electrophysiological studies of binocular stereoscopic vision. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1956, 49, 398-403.(b)
MOTOKAWA, K., NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Figural after-effects and retinal induction. J. gen. Psychol., 1957, 57, 121-135.
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. Neutralization and propagation of retinal induction in human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 305-314.(a)
NAKAGAWA, D., & KOHATA, T. New facts on neutralization of retinal induction. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 64, 315-323.(b)
ONOKI, T., & YAMAMOTO, H. Colorimetric purity and retinal induction, Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1956, 65, 97-105.
RIGGS, L. A., CORNSWEET, J. C., & LEWIS, W. G. Effects of light on electrical excitation of the human eye. Psychol. Monogr., 1957, 71, No.434.
WAKE, M. Effects of mechanical pressure upon electrical excitability of human eye. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1957, 65, 145-155.

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