Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of predictability of shock

AKIRA TSUDA; MASATOSHI TANAKA; HISASHI HIRAI; WILLIAM P. PARE

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.25.9

AKIRA TSUDA, MASATOSHI TANAKA, HISASHI HIRAI, WILLIAM P. PARE

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Keywords: predictability, controllability, safety signal, coping behavior, helplessness, gastric lesions

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1983 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 9-15

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.25.9

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Published: May 30, 1983 Received: August 13, 1982 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: March 12, 1983 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
Correction information
Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: AFFILIATION Details: Wrong :
1) Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine
2) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Litcrature, Sophia University
3) Pavlovian Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center

Right :
1) Department of Pharmacology, Kurume University School of Medicine
2) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature, Sophia University
3) Pavlovian Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Fujiwara, M., & Mori, J. 1970 Experimental stress ulcer and biogenic amines. Saishin Igaku, 25, 2058-2067.
Moot, S. A., Cebulla, R. P., & Crabtree, J. M. 1970 Instrumental control and ulceration in rats. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 71, 405-410.
Pare, W. P. 1980 Psychological studies of stress ulcer in the rat. Brain Research Bulletin, 5 (Supplement 1), 73-79.
Price, K. P. 1972 Predictable and unpredictable shock: Their pathological effects on restrained and unrestrained rats. Psychological Reports, 30, 419-426.
Scheuer, C., & Greenberg, M. S. 1982 Preference for predictable vs. controllable shock. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 19, 307-310.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1968 Chronic fear produced by unpredictable electric shock. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 66, 402-411.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1975 Helplessness: On depression, development and death. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Tsuda, A., & Hirai, H. 1975 Effects of the amount of required coping tasks on gastrointestinal lesions in rats. Japanese Psychological Research, 17, 119-132.
Tsuda, A., Tanaka, M., Nishikawa, T., & Hirai, H. (In press) Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of the complexity of coping tasks. Physiology _??_ Behavior, 30.
Weiss, J. M. 1968 Effects of coping responses on stress. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 65, 251-260.
Weiss, J. M. 1970 Somatic effects of predictable and unpredictable shock. Psychosomatic Medicine, 32, 397-408.
Weiss, J. M. 1971a Effects of coping behavior in different warning signal conditions on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 77, 1-13.
Weiss, J. M. 1971b Effects of punishing the coping response (conflict) on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 77, 14-21.
Weiss, J. M. 1971c Effects of coping behavior with and without a feedback signal on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative _??_ Physiological Psychology, 77, 22-30.
Weiss, J. M. 1977 Psychological and behavioral influences on gastrointestinal lesions in animal models. In J. Maser & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Psychopathology: Experimental models. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. Pp. 232-269.

Right : Fujiwara, M., & Mori, J. 1970 Experimental stress ulcer and biogenic amines. Saishin Igaku 25, 2058-2067.
Moot, S. A., Cebulla, R. P., & Crabtree, J. M. 1970 Instrumental control and ulceration in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 71, 405-410.
Pare, W. P. 1980 Psychological studies of stress ulcer in the rat. Brain Research Bulletin, 5 (Supplement 1), 73-79.
Price, K. P. 1972 Predictable and unpredictable shock: Their pathological effects on restrained and unrestrained rats. Psychological Reports, 30, 419-426.
Scheuer, C., & Greenberg, M. S. 1982 Preference for predictablevs. controllable shock. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 19, 307-310.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1968 Chronic fear produced by unpredictable electric shock. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 66, 402-411.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1975 Helplessness: On depression, development and death. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Tsuda, A., & Hirai, H. 1975 Effects of the amount of required coping tasks on gastrointestinal lesions in rats. Japanese Psychological Research, 17, 119-132.
Tsuda, A., Tanaka, M., Nishikawa, T., & Hirai, H. (In press) Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of the complexity of coping tasks. Physiology & Behavior, 30.
Weiss, J. M. 1968 Effects of coping responses on stress. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 65, 251-260.
Weiss, J. M. 1970 Somatic effects of predictable and unpredictable shock. Psychosomatic Medicine, 32, 397-408.
Weiss, J. M. 1971a Effects of coping behavior in different warning signal conditions on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 1-13.
Weiss, J. M. 1971 b Effects of punishing the coping response (conflict) on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 14-21.
Weiss, J. M. 1971c Effects of coping behavior with and without a feedback signal on stress pathology in rats., Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 22-30.
Weiss, J. M. 1977 Psychological and behavioral influences on gastrointestinal lesions in animal models. In J. Maser & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Psychopathology: Experimental models. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. Pp.232-269.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : Rats received shock that was predicted by either a light signal alone, light-tone complex signal or no signal. In the light signal alone and light-tone complex signal conditions, experimental rats which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less gastric ulceration than did yoked “helpless” rats which had exactly the same shock but had no control over shock. In the nonsignal condition, however, the experimental rats did not differ from the matched yoked rats. Ulceration of non-shock control rats was negligible as compared to experimental and yoked rats in each of the three warning conditions. Presence or absence of a safety signal has an effect on ulcerogenesis. The light signal alone condition was effective in reducing ulceration for “helpless” rats as well as rats which could control shock. Thus, the effectiveness of a coping behavior depends on the reliable prediction of shock in a stressful situation.
Right : Rats received shock that was predicted by either a light signal alone, light-tone complex signal or no signal. In the light signal alone and light-tone complex signal conditions, experimental rats which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less gastric ulceration than did yoked “helpless” rats which had exactly the same shock but had no control over shock. In the non-signal condition, however, the experimental rats did not differ from the matched yoked rats. Ulceration of non-shock control rats was negligible as compared to experimental and yoked rats in each of the three warning conditions. Presence or absence of a safety signal has an effect on ulcerogenesis. The light signal alone condition was effective in reducing ulceration for “helpless” rats as well as rats which could control shock. Thus, the effectiveness of a coping behavior depends on the reliable prediction of shock in a stressful situation.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Fujiwara, M., & Mori, J. 1970 Experimental stress ulcer and biogenic amines. Saishin Igaku 25, 2058-2067.
Moot, S. A., Cebulla, R. P., & Crabtree, J. M. 1970 Instrumental control and ulceration in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 71, 405-410.
Pare, W. P. 1980 Psychological studies of stress ulcer in the rat. Brain Research Bulletin, 5 (Supplement 1), 73-79.
Price, K. P. 1972 Predictable and unpredictable shock: Their pathological effects on restrained and unrestrained rats. Psychological Reports, 30, 419-426.
Scheuer, C., & Greenberg, M. S. 1982 Preference for predictablevs. controllable shock. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 19, 307-310.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1968 Chronic fear produced by unpredictable electric shock. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 66, 402-411.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1975 Helplessness: On depression, development and death. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Tsuda, A., & Hirai, H. 1975 Effects of the amount of required coping tasks on gastrointestinal lesions in rats. Japanese Psychological Research, 17, 119-132.
Tsuda, A., Tanaka, M., Nishikawa, T., & Hirai, H. (In press) Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of the complexity of coping tasks. Physiology & Behavior, 30.
Weiss, J. M. 1968 Effects of coping responses on stress. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 65, 251-260.
Weiss, J. M. 1970 Somatic effects of predictable and unpredictable shock. Psychosomatic Medicine, 32, 397-408.
Weiss, J. M. 1971a Effects of coping behavior in different warning signal conditions on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 1-13.
Weiss, J. M. 1971 b Effects of punishing the coping response (conflict) on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 14-21.
Weiss, J. M. 1971c Effects of coping behavior with and without a feedback signal on stress pathology in rats., Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 22-30.
Weiss, J. M. 1977 Psychological and behavioral influences on gastrointestinal lesions in animal models. In J. Maser & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Psychopathology: Experimental models. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. Pp.232-269.

Right : Fujiwara, M., & Mori, J. 1970 Experimental stress ulcer and biogenic amines. Saishin Igaku, 25, 2058-2067.
Moot, S. A., Cebulla, R. P., & Crabtree, J. M. 1970 Instrumental control and ulceration in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 71, 405-410.
Pare, W. P. 1980 Psychological studies of stress ulcer in the rat. Brain Research Bulletin, 5 (Supplement 1), 73-79.
Price, K. P. 1972 Predictable and unpredictable shock: Their pathological effects on restrained and unrestrained rats. Psychological Reports, 30, 419-426.
Scheuer, C., & Greenberg, M. S. 1982 Preference for predictable vs. controllable shock. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 19, 307-310.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1968 Chronic fear produced by unpredictable electric shock. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 66, 402-411.
Seligman, M. E. P. 1975 Helplessness: On depression, development and death. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Tsuda, A., & Hirai, H. 1975 Effects of the amount of required coping tasks on gastrointestinal lesions in rats. Japanese Psychological Research, 17, 119-132.
Tsuda, A., Tanaka, M., Nishikawa, T., & Hirai, H.(In press) Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of the complexity of coping tasks. Physiology & Behavior, 30.
Weiss, J. M. 1968 Effects of coping responses on stress. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 65, 251-260.
Weiss, J. M. 1970 Somatic effects of predictable and unpredictable shock. Psychosomatic Medicine, 32, 397-408.
Weiss, J. M. 1971a Effects of coping behavior in different warning signal conditions on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 1-13.
Weiss, J. M. 1971b Effects of punishing the coping response (conflict) on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 14-21.
Weiss, J. M. 1971c Effects of coping behavior with and without a feedback signal on stress pathology in rats. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 77, 22-30.
Weiss, J. M. 1977 Psychological and behavioral influences on gastrointestinal lesions in animal models. In J. Maser & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Psychopathology: Experimental models. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. Pp.232-269.

Abstract

Rats received shock that was predicted by either a light signal alone, light-tone complex signal or no signal. In the light signal alone and light-tone complex signal conditions, experimental rats which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less gastric ulceration than did yoked “helpless” rats which had exactly the same shock but had no control over shock. In the non-signal condition, however, the experimental rats did not differ from the matched yoked rats. Ulceration of non-shock control rats was negligible as compared to experimental and yoked rats in each of the three warning conditions. Presence or absence of a safety signal has an effect on ulcerogenesis. The light signal alone condition was effective in reducing ulceration for “helpless” rats as well as rats which could control shock. Thus, the effectiveness of a coping behavior depends on the reliable prediction of shock in a stressful situation.

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