Temporal integration and visual masking of dot patterns successively presented

TADASHI KIKUCHI; TADASU OYAMA; SHIGERU ICHIHARA

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.25.147

TADASHI KIKUCHI, TADASU OYAMA, SHIGERU ICHIHARA

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Keywords: temporal integration, visual masking, dot patterns, perceived number of dots, quantification process, multistage model

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 147-155

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.25.147

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Published: November 30, 1983 Received: January 21, 1983 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: July 09, 1983 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100ms. Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).
Right : Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5 ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60 ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100 ms. Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Davy, E. 1952 The intensity-time relationship for multiple flashes of light in the peripheral retina. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 42, 937-941.
Di Lollo, V. 1980 Temporal integration in visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109, 75-97.
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. 1967 Some temporal characteristics of visual pattern perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 476-484.
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. 1968 Sensory traces versus the psychological moment in the temporal organization of form. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 77, 376-382.
Hines, D., & Smith, S. 1977 Recognition of random shapes followed at varying delays by attended or unattended shapes, digits, and line grids. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 3, 29-36.
Kikuchi, T. 1982 On the nature of short-term visual memory. Technical Report of Institute of Television Engineering, 5, 49-54. (In Japanese)
Kolers, P. A. 1968 Some psychological aspects of pattern recognition. In P. A. Kolers & M. Eden (Eds.), Recognizing patterns. Cambridge: M. I. T. Press. Pp. 4-61.
Navon, D., & Purcell, D. 1981 Does integration produce masking or protect from it? Perception, 10, 71-83.
Oyama, T., Kikuchi, T., & Ichihara, S. 1981 Span of attention, backward masking, and reaction time. Perception _??_ Psychophysics, 29, 106-112.
Taves, E. H. 1941 Two mechanisms for the perception of visual numerousness. Archives of Psychology, 37, 1-47.
Turvey, M. T. 1973 On peripheral and central processes in vision: Inferences from an information processing analysis of masking with patterned stimuli. Psychological Review, 80, 1-52.
Turvey, M. T. 1978 Visual processing and shortterm memory. In W. K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of learning and cognitive processes. Vol. 5. Human information processing. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Pp. 91-142.

Right : Davy, E. 1952 The intensity-time relationship for multiple flashes of light in the peripheral retina. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 42, 937-941.
Di Lollo, V. 1980 Temporal integration in visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109, 75-97.
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. 1967 Some temporal characteristics of visual pattern perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 476-484.
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. 1968 Sensory traces versus the psychological moment in the temporal organization of form. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 77, 376-382.
Hines, D., & Smith, S. 1977 Recognition of random shapes followed at varying delays by attended or unattended shapes, digits, and line grids. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 3, 29-36.
Kikuchi, T. 1982 On the nature of short-term visual memory. Technical Report of Institute of Television Engineering, 5, 49-54.(In Japanese)
Kolers, P. A. 1968 Some psychological aspects of pattern recognition. In P. A. Kolers & M. Eden (Eds.), Recognizing patterns. Cambridge: M. I. T. Press. Pp.4-61.
Navon, D., & Purcell, D. 1981 Does integration produce masking or protect from it? Perception, 10, 71-83.
Oyama, T., Kikuchi, T., & Ichihara, S. 1981 Span of attention, backward masking, and reaction time. Perception & Psychophysics, 29, 106-112.
Taves, E. H. 1941 Two mechanisms for the perception of visual numerousness. Archives of Psychology, 37, 1-47.
Turvey, M. T.1973 On peripheral and central processes in vision: Inferences from an information processing analysis of masking with patterned stimuli. Psychological Review, 80, 1-52.
Turvey, M. T. 1978 Visual processing and shortterm memory. In W. K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of learning and cognitive processes. Vol.5. Human information processing. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Pp.91-142.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5 ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60 ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100 ms. Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).
Right : Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5 ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60 ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100 ms, Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).

Abstract

Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5 ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60 ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100 ms, Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).

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