Effect of sensory gradient on three-dimensional percept

SHIMIZU MIYAHARA; MUNEHIRA AKITA

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.37.134

SHIMIZU MIYAHARA, MUNEHIRA AKITA

Author information

Keywords: sensory gradient, shape from shading, induction, three-dimensional (3D)

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 134-138

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.37.134

Details

Published: October 25, 1995 Received: December 06, 1993 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: November 03, 1994 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
Correction information
Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The visual system has a mechanism to derive a three-dimensional percept from a luminance gradient in a two-dimensional figure-ground pattern. This is known as the “shape from shading” mechanism. In this report, we attempted to show that the three-dimensional percept of a physically homogeneous circular figure could be induced by a luminance gradient of a square background. The induction of this three-dimensional percept was investigated by systematically varying two independent rariahles: the mean luminance of the background and the luminance of the figure, The dependent variable was the strength of the three-dimensionality given by a magnitude estimation procedure. We conclude that the strength of the three-dimensionality depends upon a brightness gradient in the figure induced by the luminance gradient in the background.
Right : The visual system has a mechanism to derive a three-dimensional percept from a luminance gradient in a two-dimensional figure-ground pattern. This is known as the “shape from shading” mechanism. In this report, we attempted to show that the three-dimensional percept of a physically homogeneous circular figure could be induced by a luminance gradient of a square background. The induction of this three-dimensional percept was investigated by systematically varying two independent variables: the mean luminance of the background and the luminance of the figure. The dependent variable was the strength of the three-dimensionality given by a magnitude estimation procedure. We conclude that the strength of the three-dimensionality depends upon a brightness gradient in the figure induced by the luminance gradient in the background.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: AUTHOR Details: Wrong : SHIMIZU MIYAHARA¹⁾, MUNEHIRA AKITA²⁾³⁾
Right : SHIMIZU MIYAHARA¹⁾, MUNEHIRA AKITA²⁾

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: AFFILIATION Details: Wrong :
1) Souai Women's Junior College
2) Kyoto Institute of Technology
3) Nihon Fukushi University.

Right :
1) Souai Women's Junior College
2) Kyoto Institute of Technology

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Bulthoff, H., & Mallot, H. A. 1988 Integration of depth modules: Stereo and shading. Journal of the Optical Society of America, A. 5, 1749-1758.
Horn, B. K. P. 1977 Understanding image intensities. Artificial Intelligence, 8, 201-231.
Pentland, A. P. 1982 Finding the direction of illumination. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 72, 448-455.
Ramachandran, V. S. 1988 Perception of shape from shading. Nature, 331, 163-166.
Todd, J. T., & Mingolla, E. 1983 Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns shading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 9, 583-595.

Right : Buithoff, H., & Mallot, H. A. 1988 Integration of depth modules: Stereo and shading. Journal of the Optical Society of America, A.5, 1749-1758.
Horn, B. K. P. 1977 Understanding image intensities. Artificial Intelligence, 8, 201-231.
Pentland, A. P. 1982 Finding the direction of illumination. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 72, 448-455.
Ramachandran, V. S. 1988 Perception of shape from shading. Nature, 331, 163-166.
Todd, J. T., & Mingolla, E. 1983 Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns shading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 9, 583-595.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Buithoff, H., & Mallot, H. A. 1988 Integration of depth modules: Stereo and shading. Journal of the Optical Society of America, A.5, 1749-1758.
Horn, B. K. P. 1977 Understanding image intensities. Artificial Intelligence, 8, 201-231.
Pentland, A. P. 1982 Finding the direction of illumination. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 72, 448-455.
Ramachandran, V. S. 1988 Perception of shape from shading. Nature, 331, 163-166.
Todd, J. T., & Mingolla, E. 1983 Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns shading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 9, 583-595.

Right : Bulthoff, H., & Mallot, H. A. 1988 Integration of depth modules: Stereo and shading. Journal of the Optical Society of America, A.5, 1749-1758.
Horn, B. K. P. 1977 Understanding image intensities. Artificial Intelligence, 8, 201-231.
Pentland, A. P. 1982 Finding the direction of illumination. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 72, 448-455.
Ramachandran, V. S. 1988 Perception of shape from shading. Nature, 331, 163-166.
Todd, J. T., & Mingolla, E. 1983 Perception of surface curvature and direction of illumination from patterns shading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 9, 583-595.

Abstract

The visual system has a mechanism to derive a three-dimensional percept from a luminance gradient in a two-dimensional figure-ground pattern. This is known as the “shape from shading” mechanism. In this report, we attempted to show that the three-dimensional percept of a physically homogeneous circular figure could be induced by a luminance gradient of a square background. The induction of this three-dimensional percept was investigated by systematically varying two independent variables: the mean luminance of the background and the luminance of the figure. The dependent variable was the strength of the three-dimensionality given by a magnitude estimation procedure. We conclude that the strength of the three-dimensionality depends upon a brightness gradient in the figure induced by the luminance gradient in the background.

Corresponding author

Correction information

Register with J-STAGE for free!