THE REPEATED CONDITIONING-EXTINCTION PROCEDURE AND ITS RELATION TO DISCRIMINATION LEARNING

YOSHIMASA HABU

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.4.49

YOSHIMASA HABU

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1962 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 49-57

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.4.49

[Correction] Jpn. Psychol. Res Vol.4 No.3 (1962) pp.e1a-e1a

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Published: 1962 Received: January 25, 1962 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: TITLE Details: Wrong : THE REPEATED CONDITIONING-EXTINGTION PROCEDURE AND ITS RELATION TO DISCRIMINATION LEARNING
Right : THE REPEATED CONDITIONING-EXTINCTION PROCEDURE AND ITS RELATION TO DISCRIMINATION LEARNING

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The present study, consisting of three seperate experiments, deals with the phenomena in the successive acquisition-extinctions of running response. Experiment I was designed to re-examine a rather established phenomenon in this area, with a set of control groups which have been neglected by other investigators. Experiment II was conducted to specify the effects of preliminary training on animals behavior during subsequent extinction trainings, in an attempt to reconcile the two different results obtained by Perkins & Cacioppo and by Wickens & Miles. In Experiment III, the effects of intermittent reinforcement schedule introduced into acquisition series were examined.
A total number of 65 rats were run in a runway apparatus. The major findings of the experiments were: (a) that the experience of extinction following each acquisition series produces a quickening of running response during acquisition series, whereas it produces a slowing during extinction series, as measured by the asymptotic level of performance; (b) that the preliminary training of a certain amount significantly influences the animals' behavior during the main training; (c) and that the intermittently reinforced animals fail to exhibit a decrease in resistance to extinction after a considerably extended period of training. These results were interpreted in terms of two processes involved, that is, of “discrimination” and “conditioning” processes.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : AMSEL, A. The role of frustrative nonreward in non-continuous reward situations. Psychol. Bull., 1958, 55, 102-119.
BIRCH, D., ISON, J. R., & SPERLING, S. E. Reversal learning under single stimulus presentation. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 36-40.
BITTERMAN, M. E., FEDDERSEN, W. E., & TYLER, D. W. Secondary reinforcement and the discrimination hypothesis. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 456-464.
BULLOCK, D. H., & SMITH, W. C. An effect of repeated conditioning-extinction upon operant strength. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 46, 349-352.
CAPALDI, E. J. The effect of different amounts of training on the resistance to extinction of different patterns of partially reinforced responses. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1958, 51, 367-371.
FINGER, F. W. The effect of varying conditions of reinforcement upon a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 30, 53-68. (a)
FINGER, F. W. Retention and subsequent extinction of a simple running response following varying conditions of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 31, 120-133. (b)
GOODRICH, K. P. Performance in different segments of an instrumental response chain as a function of reinforcement schedule. J. exp. Psychol., 1959, 57, 57-63.
GRANT, D. A., & SCHIPPER, L. M. The acquisition and extinction of conditioned eyelid responses as a function of the percentage of fixed-ratio random reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 43, 313-320.
HABU, Y. Experiments in repeated acquisitions and extinction in the white rat. Shushi Ronbun Sho, Dept. Psychol., Univer. Hiroshima, 1961, 7, 1-8 (In Japanese)
JENSEN, G. D., & COTTON, J. W. Successive acquisitions and extinctions as related to percentage of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 41-49.
LAUER, D. W., & CARTERETTE, T. S. Changes in response measures over repeated acquisitions and extinctions of a running habit. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1957, 50, 334-338.
LAUER, D. W., & ESTES, W. K. Successive acquisitions and extinctions of a jumping habit in relation to schedule of reinforcement. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1955, 48, 8-13.
MOTE, F. A. The effect of different amounts of reinfocement upon the acquisition and extinction of a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1944, 34, 216-226.
MOWRER, O. H. Learning theory and behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960, pp. 457-477.
MOWRER, O. H., & JONES, H. Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1945, 35, 293-311.
MURILLO, N. R., & CAPALDI, E. J. The role of overlearning trials in determining resistance to extinction. J. exp. Psychol., 1961, 61, 345-349.
PAVLOV, I. P. Conditioned reflexes. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1927.
PERKINS, C. C., Jr., & CACIOPPO, A. J. The effect of intermittent reinforcement on the change in extinction following successive reconditionings. J. exp. Psychol., 1950, 40, 794-801.
PUBOLS, B. H., Jr. Incentive magnitude, learning, and performance in animals. Psychol. Bull., 1960, 57, 89-115.
SIEGEL, S. Nonparametric statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
TYLER, D. W., WORTZ, E. C., & MITTERMAN, M. E. The effect of random and alternating partial reinforcement on resistance to extinction in the rat. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 57-65.
WEINSTOCK, S. Resistance to extinction of a running response following partial reinforcement under widely spaced trials. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 318-322.
WICKENS, D. D., & MILES, R. C. Extinction changes during a series of reinforcement-extinction sessions. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 315-317.

Right : AMSEL, A. The role of frustrative nonreward in non-continuous reward situations. Psychol. Bull., 1958, 55, 102-119.
BIRCH, D., ISON, J. R., & SPERLING, S. E. Reversal learning under single stimulus presentation. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 36-40.
BITTERMAN, M. E., FEDDERSEN, W. E., & TYLER, D. W. Secondary reinforcement and the discrimination hypothesis. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 456-464.
BULLOCK, D. H., & SMITH, W. C. An effect of repeated conditioning-extinction upon operant strength. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 46, 349-352.
CAPALDI, E. J. The effect of different amounts of training on the resistance to extinction of different patterns of partially reinforced responses. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1958, 51, 367-371.
FINGER, F. W. The effect of varying conditions of reinforcement upon a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 30, 53-68.(a)
FINGER, F. W. Retention and subsequent extinction of a simple running response following varying conditions of reinforcement., J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 31, 120-133.(b)
GOODRICH, K. P. Performance in different segments of an instrumental response chain as a function of reinforcement schedule. J. exp. Psychol., 1959, 57, 57-63.
GRANT, D. A., & SCHIPPER, L. M. The acquisition and extinction of conditioned eyelid responses as a function of the percentage of fixed-ratio random reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 43, 313-320.
HABU, Y. Experiments in repeated acquisitions and extinctions in the white rat. Shushi Ronbun Sho, Dept. Psychol., Univer. Hiroshima, 1961, 7, 1-8 (In Japanese)
JENSEN, G. D., & COTTON, J. W. Successive acquisitions and extinctions as related to percentage of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 41-49.
LAUER, D. W., & CARTERETTE, T. S. Changes in response measures over repeated acquisitions and extinctions of a running habit. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1957, 50, 334-338.
LAUER, D. W., & ESTES, W. K. Successive acquisitions and extinctions of a jumping habit in relation to schedule of reinforcement. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1955, 48, 8-13.
MOTE, F. A. The effect of different amounts of reinfocement upon the acquisition and extinction of a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1944, 34, 216-226.
MOWRER, O. H. Learning theory and behazior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960, pp.457-477.
MOWRER, O. H., & JONES, H. Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1945, 35, 293-311.
MURILLO, N. R., & CAPALDI, E. J. The role of overlearning trials in determining resistance to extinction. J. exp. Psychol., 1961, 61, 345-349.
PAVLOV, I. P. Conditioned reflexes. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1927.
PERKINS, C. C., Jr., & CACIOPPO, A. J. The effect of intermittent reinforcement on the change in extinction following successive reconditionings. J. exp. Psychol., 1950, 40, 794-801.
PUBOLS, B. H., Jr. Incentive magnitude, learning, and performance in animals. Psychol. Bull., 1960, 57, 89-115.
SIEGEL, S. Nonparametric statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
TYLER, D. W., WORTZ, E. C., & MITTERMAN, M. E. The effect of random and alternating partial reinforcement on resistance to extinction in the rat. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 57-65.
WEINSTOCK, S. Resistance to extinction of a running response following partial reinforcement under widely spaced trials. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 318-322.
WICKENS, D. D., & MILES, R. C. Extinction changes during a series of reinforcement-extinction sessions. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 315-317.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : AMSEL, A. The role of frustrative nonreward in non-continuous reward situations. Psychol. Bull., 1958, 55, 102-119.
BIRCH, D., ISON, J. R., & SPERLING, S. E. Reversal learning under single stimulus presentation. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 36-40.
BITTERMAN, M. E., FEDDERSEN, W. E., & TYLER, D. W. Secondary reinforcement and the discrimination hypothesis. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 456-464.
BULLOCK, D. H., & SMITH, W. C. An effect of repeated conditioning-extinction upon operant strength. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 46, 349-352.
CAPALDI, E. J. The effect of different amounts of training on the resistance to extinction of different patterns of partially reinforced responses. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1958, 51, 367-371.
FINGER, F. W. The effect of varying conditions of reinforcement upon a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 30, 53-68.(a)
FINGER, F. W. Retention and subsequent extinction of a simple running response following varying conditions of reinforcement., J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 31, 120-133.(b)
GOODRICH, K. P. Performance in different segments of an instrumental response chain as a function of reinforcement schedule. J. exp. Psychol., 1959, 57, 57-63.
GRANT, D. A., & SCHIPPER, L. M. The acquisition and extinction of conditioned eyelid responses as a function of the percentage of fixed-ratio random reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 43, 313-320.
HABU, Y. Experiments in repeated acquisitions and extinctions in the white rat. Shushi Ronbun Sho, Dept. Psychol., Univer. Hiroshima, 1961, 7, 1-8 (In Japanese)
JENSEN, G. D., & COTTON, J. W. Successive acquisitions and extinctions as related to percentage of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 41-49.
LAUER, D. W., & CARTERETTE, T. S. Changes in response measures over repeated acquisitions and extinctions of a running habit. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1957, 50, 334-338.
LAUER, D. W., & ESTES, W. K. Successive acquisitions and extinctions of a jumping habit in relation to schedule of reinforcement. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1955, 48, 8-13.
MOTE, F. A. The effect of different amounts of reinfocement upon the acquisition and extinction of a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1944, 34, 216-226.
MOWRER, O. H. Learning theory and behazior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960, pp.457-477.
MOWRER, O. H., & JONES, H. Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1945, 35, 293-311.
MURILLO, N. R., & CAPALDI, E. J. The role of overlearning trials in determining resistance to extinction. J. exp. Psychol., 1961, 61, 345-349.
PAVLOV, I. P. Conditioned reflexes. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1927.
PERKINS, C. C., Jr., & CACIOPPO, A. J. The effect of intermittent reinforcement on the change in extinction following successive reconditionings. J. exp. Psychol., 1950, 40, 794-801.
PUBOLS, B. H., Jr. Incentive magnitude, learning, and performance in animals. Psychol. Bull., 1960, 57, 89-115.
SIEGEL, S. Nonparametric statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
TYLER, D. W., WORTZ, E. C., & MITTERMAN, M. E. The effect of random and alternating partial reinforcement on resistance to extinction in the rat. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 57-65.
WEINSTOCK, S. Resistance to extinction of a running response following partial reinforcement under widely spaced trials. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 318-322.
WICKENS, D. D., & MILES, R. C. Extinction changes during a series of reinforcement-extinction sessions. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 315-317.

Right : AMSEL, A. The role of frustrative nonreward in non-continuous reward situations. Psychol. Bull., 1958, 55, 102-119.
BIRCH, D., ISON, J. R., & SPERLING, S. E. Reversal learning under single stimulus presentation. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 36-40.
BITTERMAN, M. E., FEDDERSEN, W. E., & TYLER, D. W. Secondary reinforcement and the discrimination hypothesis. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 456-464.
BULLOCK, D. H., & SMITH, W. C. An effect of repeated conditioning-extinction upon operant strength. J. exp. Psychol., 1953, 46, 349-352.
CAPALDI, E. J. The effect of different amounts of training on the resistance to extinction of different patterns of partially reinforced responses. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1958, 51, 367-371.
FINGER, F. W. The effect of varying conditions of reinforcement upon a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 30, 53-68.(a)
FINGER, F. W. Retention and subsequent extinction of a simple running response following varying conditions of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1942, 31, 120-133.(b)
GOODRICH, K. P. Performance in different segments of an instrumental response chain as a function of reinforcement schedule. J. exp. Psychol., 1959, 57, 57-63.
GRANT, D. A., & SCHIPPER, L. M. The acquisition and extinction of conditioned eyelid responses as a function of the percentage of fixed-ratio random reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1952, 43, 313-320.
HABU, Y. Experiments in repeated acquisitions and extinctions in the white rat. Shushi Ronbun Sho, Dept. Psychol., Univer. Hiroshima, 1961, 7, 1-8 (In Japanese)
JENSEN, G. D., & COTTON, J. W. Successive acquisitions and extinctions as related to percentage of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1960, 60, 41-49.
LAUER, D. W., & CARTERETTE, T. S. Changes in response measures over repeated acquisitions and extinctions of a running habit. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1957, 50, 334-338.
LAUER, D. W., & ESTES, W. K. Successive acquisitions and extinctions of a jumping habit in relation to schedule of reinforcement. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1955, 48, 8-13.
MOTE, F. A. The effect of different amounts of reinfocement upon the acquisition and extinction of a simple running response. J. exp. Psychol., 1944, 34, 216-226.
MOWRER, O. H. Learning theory and behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960, pp.457-477.
MOWRER, O. H., & JONES, H. Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement. J. exp. Psychol., 1945, 35, 293-311.
MURILLO, N. R., & CAPALDI, E. J. The role of overlearning trials in determining resistance to extinction. J. exp. Psychol., 1961, 61, 345-349.
PAVLOV, I. P. Conditioned reflexes. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1927.
PERKINS, C. C., Jr., & CACIOPPO, A. J. The effect of intermittent reinforcement on the change in extinction following successive reconditionings. J. exp. Psychol., 1950, 40, 794-801.
PUBOLS, B. H., Jr. Incentive magnitude, learning, and performance in animals. Psychol. Bull., 1960, 57, 89-115.
SIEGEL, S. Nonparametric statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
TYLER, D. W., WORTZ, E. C., & MITTERMAN, M. E. The effect of random and alternating partial reinforcement on resistance to extinction in the rat. Amer. J. Psychol., 1953, 66, 57-65.
WEINSTOCK, S. Resistance to extinction of a running response following partial reinforcement under widely spaced trials. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 318-322.
WICKENS, D. D., & MILES, R. C. Extinction changes during a series of reinforcement-extinction sessions. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 1954, 47, 315-317.

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