THE RELATIVE STRENGTH OF HUNGER AND THIRST DRIVE AND THEIR INTER-DRIVE INTERACTION

IWAO ISHII

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.7.28

IWAO ISHII

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1965 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 28-37

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.7.28

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Published: 1965 Received: March 03, 1965 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The relative strength of hunger and thirst drives and their inter-drive interac-tion were investigated.
First, using the technique of drive discrimination learning between hunger and thirst, the relative strength of the two kinds of drives were explored by comparing simultaneously and directly the thirst drive of various water deprivation hours with the hunger drive of three levels of food deprivation, and by comparing the hunger drive of various food deprivation hours with thirst drive of a certain level. 12, 8, and 4 hr hunger drives and 24 hr thirst drive had the same strength as 36, 16, and 12 hr thirst drives and 10 hr hunger drive respectively, and the relative strength of hunger was two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive of the same deprivation hours. The relative strength of the two drives was shown to increase almost linearly as a function of deprivation hours.
Secondly, using the technique of drive intensity discrimination learning within a single drive, the inter-drive interaction between the two kinds of drives showing such relative strength as mentioned above was studied under the same experimental conditions as in the study of the relative strength. Hunger drive exerted an in-hibiting effect upon thirst drive, and thirst drive also exerted an inhibiting effect upon thirst drive. The inhibiting power of hunger drive was two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive.
The facts that the relative strength of hunger drive was two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive of the same deprivation hours, and that the inhibiting power of hunger drive was also two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive of the same deprivation hours were discussed from the points of view of the generalized drive and component theory.
Right : To investigate the inter-drive interaction effect between hunger and thirst drives, first the relative strength of the two kinds of drives were explored by comparing the various combinations of the two simultaneously. The technique of drive discrimination learning was used, and a total of 30 rats were tested in Y-maze. Then the interaction between the two drives having such relative strength was studied. Both hunger and thirst exerted an inhibiting effect upon each other. The inhibiting power of hunger drive was two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive, corresponding to the relative strength of the drive.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ANOKHIN, P. K. 1960 On the specific action of the reticular formation on the cerebral cortex. E. E. G. clin. Neurophysiol., (Suppl. 13), 257-267. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company.
BAILEY, C. J., & PORTER, L. W. 1955 Relevant cues in drive discrimination in cats. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 48, 180-182.
BLOOMBERO, R., & WEBB, W. B. 1949 Various degrees within a single drive as cues for spatial response learning in the white rat. J. exp. Psychol., 39, 628-636.
BROWN, W. C. 1940 A study of changes in orien-tation resulting from changed intra-organic motivation in learning. J. comp. Psychol., 39, 111-128.
ESTES, W. K. 1958 Stimulus-response theory of drive. In Jones, M. R. Nebraska Symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
GHENT, LILA 1957 Some effects of deprivation on eating and drinking behavior. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 50, 172-176.
HERON, W. T. 1949 Internal stimuli and learn-ing. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 486-492.
HULL, C. L. 1933 Differential havituation to internal stimuli in the albino rats. J. comp. Psychol., 16, 255-273.
HULL, C. L. 1943 Principles of Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
JENKINS, J. J., & HANRATTY, JACQUELINE 1949 A drive intensity discrimination in the albino rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 228-232.
LEEPER, R. 1935 The role of motivation in learning: A study of the performance of differential motivation control of the utiliza-tion of habits. J. genetic Psychol., 16, 3-39.
OLSZEWSKI, J. 1954 The cytoarchitecture of the human reticular formation. In Delafresnayne, J. F., Ed. Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness, Pp. 54-76 Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 556.
VERPLANCK, W. S., & HAYES, J. R. 1953 Eating and drinking as a function of maintenance schedule. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 46, 327-333.
WARDEN, C. J. 1932 The relative strength of the primary drive in the white rat. J. genet. Psychol., 41, 16-33.

Right : ANOKHIN, P. K. 1960 On the specific action of the reticular formation on the cerebral cortex. E. E. G. clin. Neurophysiol., (Suppl. 13), 257-267. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company.
BAILEY, C. J., & PORTER, L. W. 1955 Relevant cues in drive discrimination in cats. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 48, 180-182.
BLOOMBERG, R., & WEBB, W. B. 1949 Various degrees within a single drive as cues for spatial response learning in the white rat. J. exp. Psychol., 39, 628-636.
BROWN, W. C. 1940 A study of changes in orientation resulting from changed intra-organic motivation in learning. J. comp. Psychol., 39, 111-128.
ESTES, W. K. 1958 Stimulus-response theory of drive. In Jones, M. R. Nebraska Symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
GHENT, LILA 1957 Some effects of deprivation on eating and drinking behavior. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 50, 172-176.
HERON, W. T. 1949 Internal stimuli and learning. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 486-492.
HULL, C. L. 1933 Differential havituation to internal stimuli in the albino rats. J. comp. Psychol., 16, 255-273.
HULL, C. L. 1943 Principles of Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
JENKINS, J. J., & HANRATTY, JACQUELINE 1949 A drive intensity discrimination in the albino rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 228-232.
LEEPER, R. 1935 The role of motivation in learning: A study of the performance of differential motivation control of the utilization of habits. J. genetic Psychol., 16, 3-39.
OLSZEWSKI, J. 1954 The cytoarchitecture of the human reticular formation. In Delafresnayne, J. F., Ed. Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness, pp.54-76 Blackwell, Oxford, pp.556.
VERPLANCK, W. S., & HAYES, J. R. 1953 Eating and drinking as a function of maintenance schedule. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 46, 327-333.
WARDEN, C. J. 1932 The relative strength of the primary drive in the white rat. J. genet. Psychal., 41, 16-33.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : ANOKHIN, P. K. 1960 On the specific action of the reticular formation on the cerebral cortex. E. E. G. clin. Neurophysiol., (Suppl. 13), 257-267. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company.
BAILEY, C. J., & PORTER, L. W. 1955 Relevant cues in drive discrimination in cats. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 48, 180-182.
BLOOMBERG, R., & WEBB, W. B. 1949 Various degrees within a single drive as cues for spatial response learning in the white rat. J. exp. Psychol., 39, 628-636.
BROWN, W. C. 1940 A study of changes in orientation resulting from changed intra-organic motivation in learning. J. comp. Psychol., 39, 111-128.
ESTES, W. K. 1958 Stimulus-response theory of drive. In Jones, M. R. Nebraska Symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
GHENT, LILA 1957 Some effects of deprivation on eating and drinking behavior. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 50, 172-176.
HERON, W. T. 1949 Internal stimuli and learning. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 486-492.
HULL, C. L. 1933 Differential havituation to internal stimuli in the albino rats. J. comp. Psychol., 16, 255-273.
HULL, C. L. 1943 Principles of Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
JENKINS, J. J., & HANRATTY, JACQUELINE 1949 A drive intensity discrimination in the albino rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 228-232.
LEEPER, R. 1935 The role of motivation in learning: A study of the performance of differential motivation control of the utilization of habits. J. genetic Psychol., 16, 3-39.
OLSZEWSKI, J. 1954 The cytoarchitecture of the human reticular formation. In Delafresnayne, J. F., Ed. Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness, pp.54-76 Blackwell, Oxford, pp.556.
VERPLANCK, W. S., & HAYES, J. R. 1953 Eating and drinking as a function of maintenance schedule. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 46, 327-333.
WARDEN, C. J. 1932 The relative strength of the primary drive in the white rat. J. genet. Psychal., 41, 16-33.

Right : ANOKHIN, P. K. 1960 On the specific action of the reticular formation on the cerebral cortex. E. E. G. clin. Neurophysiol., (Suppl. 13), 257-267. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company.
BAILEY, C. J., & PORTER, L. W. 1955 Relevant cues in drive discrimination in cats. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 48, 180-182.
BLOOMBERG, R., & WEBB, W. B. 1949 Various degrees within a single drive as cues for spatial response learning in the white rat. J. exp. Psychol., 39, 628-636.
BROWN, W. C. 1940 A study of changes in orientation resulting from changed intra-organic motivation in learning. J. comp. Psychol., 39, 111-128.
ESTES, W. K. 1958 Stimulus-response theory of drive. In Jones, M. R. Nebraska Symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
GHENT, LILA 1957 Some effects of deprivation on eating and drinking behavior. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 50, 172-176.
HERON, W. T. 1949 Internal stimuli and learning. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 486-492.
HULL, C. L. 1933 Differential havituation to internal stimuli in the albino rats. J. comp. Psychol., 16, 255-273.
HULL, C. L. 1943 Principles of Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
JENKINS, J. J., & HANRATTY, JACQUELINE 1949 A drive intensity discrimination in the albino rat. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 42, 228-232.
LEEPER, R. 1935 The role of motivation in learning: A study of the performance of differential motivation control of the utilization of habits. J. genetic Psychol., 16, 3-39.
OLSZEWSKI, J. 1954 The cytoarchitecture of the human reticular formation. In Delafresnayne, J. F., Ed. Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness, Pp.54-76 Blackwell, Oxford, pp.556.
VERPLANCK, W. S., & HAYES, J. R. 1953 Eating and drinking as a function of maintenance schedule. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 46, 327-333.
WARDEN, C. J. 1932 The relative strength of the primary drive in the white rat. J. genet. Psychol., 41, 16-33.

Abstract

To investigate the inter-drive interaction effect between hunger and thirst drives, first the relative strength of the two kinds of drives were explored by comparing the various combinations of the two simultaneously. The technique of drive discrimination learning was used, and a total of 30 rats were tested in Y-maze. Then the interaction between the two drives having such relative strength was studied. Both hunger and thirst exerted an inhibiting effect upon each other. The inhibiting power of hunger drive was two or three times as strong as that of thirst drive, corresponding to the relative strength of the drive.

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