Most of knowledge management (KM) research and the available knowledge management system (KMS) pay little attention to its implementation in academia. This research concentrates on understanding the situation and problems of knowledge creators per se, as disclosed in field research by a survey of the scientific knowledge management and creation process in one research institute. Some serious obstacles and hidden problems have been discovered in this survey. It is necessary and urgent to develop a KMS to improve knowledge sharing and creativity support in academia. Along with these findings, we also present our framework to develop KMS in laboratory for more effective KM and better creativity support.