Abstract
Against the backdrop of rapid digitalization and intelligent transformation, the deep coupling between information and geographic space is driving information geography to emerge as a critical frontier at the intersection of geography and information science. This study systematically reviews the origin and development of information geography, clarifies its fundamental concepts and core connotations, and reveals the interactions among information flows, spatial structures, and social behaviors. Building on existing research, it proposes a theoretical framework encompassing four dimensions: cognitive foundation, spatial structure, information behavior, and technological support. By integrating key technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, big data mining, and artificial intelligence, the paper summarizes methodological innovations in data acquisition, processing, and analysis. It further highlights recent advances in applications, including the spatial evolution of information dissemination, digital city construction, socio-economic spatial analysis, and the integration of virtual and physical spaces, demonstrating the practical value of information geography in urban governance, ecological monitoring, and regional coordinated development. Meanwhile, it addresses critical challenges such as insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration mechanisms, inadequate data privacy protection, and limitations in algorithm interpretability and generalization, offering potential strategies to overcome these issues. Finally, it outlines future research priorities and development trends, aiming to provide insights and references for advancing theoretical refinement and technological innovation in this field.
