Abstract
This study examined the significance of international exchanges in early childhood education (ECE) by clarifying the role of A.L. Howe (1852–1943), an American missionary in Japan in facilitating communication between Japanese and American kindergarten organizations: the Japan Kindergarten Union (JKU) and the International Kindergarten Union (IKU). The study’s first finding was that the JKU was established as a branch of the IKU due to Howe’s persistent efforts in promoting exchange activities. Second, this development by Howe led to advancement in the IKU’s international outreach. To promote improvements in the quality of ECE globally, Howe advocated for early childhood educators, thereby engaging in extensive international academic research exchanges to enhance the quality of ECE worldwide. This effort inspired early childhood educators in Japan and the United States to cooperate with each other. As a key figure in international exchange initiatives among ECE organizations, Howe transcended her role as a mere connector between Japanese and American ECE; she became the driving force behind ongoing exchanges.
