Abstract
This paper aims to clarify the relation between the legitimate domination of Tokugawa Japan and Juka Shintō, the syncretistic fusion of Neo-Confucianism and Shintō, from the perspective of“ heredity charisma.” I focus in particular on the theology of Watarai Nobuyoshi (1615–1690), who was nominated as a priest (gonnegi) of the outer shrine (gekū) in Ise. I will first collate the functions that “heredity” has in “Estate-type Domination” with those in the“Bureaucratic Domination,” based on ideal types conceptualized by Max Weber. I will then verify a double orientation toward this heredity, which could paradoxically conform to both dominations, through an analysis of “Nichiyō” and “Sōbyō” in the theology of Nobuyoshi that looks at the favorable situation that lay behind the formation of Juka Shintō in Tokugawa Japan and the characteristics that Neo-Confucianism and Shinto had. The main focus will be on the contradiction between the idea of Nichiyō that Shintō should be for all people in their everyday lives, and that of Sōbyō, that Ise shrine has been the ancestral shrine of the Imperial House. I also look at how Nobuyoshi tried to resolve this inconsistency. Lastly, from a sociological standpoint, I correlate the double orientation to this heredity using both the legitimacy of the Tokugawa Bakufu and that of the Meiji period.
