Research Reports (Original Article)
Factor Structural Model of Motor Ability, Standing Balance, and Foottoe Shape in Typically Developing Preschool Children
Pass Analysis
2026 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 229-237
Details
2026 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 229-237
Objective: We constructed factor structure models for running ability, jumping ability, continuous jumping over the feet, body support duration, balance, and foot and toe morphology to examine the factors influencing basic movements in typically developing preschool children.
Methods: The participants were 163 preschool children aged 4–6 years. The assessments included a 25 m run, standing long jump (SL-jump), continuous bipedal jump (CB-jump), body support duration (BSD) of the MKS motor skills test for young children, foot arch development (FAD), and the number of floating toes (FT). Statistical analysis was performed to examine the model fit using path analysis to assess correlations.
Results: SL-jump, BC-jump, BSD, and FAD had direct effects on run, whereas BSD had indirect effects on SL-jump, BP-jump, and FT (χ2=6.508, df=8, CMIN/DF=0.813, p=0.591, GFI=0.988, AGFI=0.966, CFI=1.000, RMSEA<0.001, AIC=32.508).
Conclusion: Running by typically developing children was directly influenced by the degree of instantaneous force and development of the foot as a propulsive force to transfer lower limb muscle power to the ground and anterior-posterior balance that regulates body movements. The vestibular postural control sensation affects running through dynamic and static balance and jumping forces.
